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Periodontal Concepts Flashcards

7 cards from real ADEX practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

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  1. Which periodontal fiber group runs from the cementum to the alveolar bone in an oblique direction, resisting occlusal forces?

    Answer: Oblique fibers

    Oblique fibers are the most numerous PDL fiber group and primarily resist occlusal (vertical) forces by transmitting them obliquely to the bone.

  2. A patient presents with generalized 6-7 mm probing depths, radiographic bone loss, and a history of poor systemic control of Type 2 diabetes. How does poorly controlled diabetes most directly affect periodontal disease?

    Answer: Impairs neutrophil chemotaxis and phagocytosis

    Poorly controlled diabetes impairs neutrophil function including chemotaxis and phagocytosis, reducing the host's ability to combat periodontal pathogens.

  3. What is the term for the distance from the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) to the base of the sulcus/pocket measured clinically?

    Answer: Attachment level

    Clinical attachment level (CAL) is measured from the CEJ to the base of the pocket and reflects true tissue destruction regardless of gingival position.

  4. Which cell is the primary mediator of alveolar bone resorption in periodontal disease?

    Answer: Osteoclast

    Osteoclasts resorb mineralized bone tissue and are the primary cells responsible for the alveolar bone loss seen in periodontitis.

  5. Stage III Grade C periodontitis is most strongly associated with which systemic risk modifier?

    Answer: Poorly controlled diabetes (HbA1c ≥7%)

    Grade C periodontitis indicates rapid progression and is strongly associated with poorly controlled diabetes (HbA1c ≥7%) as a systemic risk factor per the 2017 classification.

  6. During periodontal probing, what does a bleeding on probing (BOP) positive score primarily indicate?

    Answer: Gingival tissue inflammation is present

    BOP is a reliable indicator of gingival inflammation because inflamed sulcular epithelium is ulcerated and bleeds upon gentle probing.

  7. Which type of bone defect has three remaining osseous walls and offers the best prognosis for regenerative therapy?

    Answer: Three-wall (intrabony) defect

    A three-wall intrabony defect is surrounded by bone on three sides, providing a contained environment that supports regenerative procedures with the best outcomes.