Mechanical Ventilation and Respiratory Support Flashcards
6 cards from real Acute Care Nurse Practitioner practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 6 Mechanical Ventilation and Respiratory Support flashcards as text
Prone positioning in ARDS is recommended when PaO₂/FiO₂ ratio is below which threshold?
Answer: 150 mmHg
Prone positioning is recommended for moderate-to-severe ARDS when PaO₂/FiO₂ <150 mmHg despite optimal ventilator settings.
Which ventilator setting should be adjusted to correct hypercapnia in a patient on volume control ventilation?
Answer: Increase respiratory rate or tidal volume
CO₂ elimination depends on minute ventilation; increasing respiratory rate or tidal volume will increase minute ventilation and lower PaCO₂.
A spontaneous breathing trial (SBT) should be attempted when which criteria are met?
Answer: FiO₂ ≤0.40, PEEP ≤5, hemodynamically stable, able to follow commands
Standard SBT readiness criteria include FiO₂ ≤40%, PEEP ≤5 cmH₂O, hemodynamic stability, and ability to follow simple commands.
Which parameter is MOST predictive of successful extubation?
Answer: Rapid shallow breathing index (RSBI) <105
RSBI (f/Vt) <105 breaths/min/L is the best validated predictor of successful extubation from mechanical ventilation.
An ACNP manages a patient with severe bronchospasm on mechanical ventilation. Which strategy minimizes air trapping?
Answer: Decrease respiratory rate and increase expiratory time
In obstructive disease, decreasing RR and prolonging expiratory time (I:E ratio 1:4 or greater) prevents breath stacking and auto-PEEP.
High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) is MOST appropriate as a first-line intervention in which condition?
Answer: Acute hypoxemic respiratory failure with PaO₂/FiO₂ <300
HFNC is most effective for acute hypoxemic respiratory failure, reducing intubation rates compared to conventional oxygen.