Hemodynamic Monitoring and Management Flashcards
6 cards from real Acute Care Nurse Practitioner practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 6 Hemodynamic Monitoring and Management flashcards as text
Which formula correctly calculates systemic vascular resistance (SVR)?
Answer: (MAP - CVP) / CO × 80
SVR = (MAP − CVP) / CO × 80, representing the resistance the left ventricle must overcome to eject blood.
A patient with septic shock has a persistently low MAP despite 3L of IV fluids. Which vasopressor is the first-line agent per Surviving Sepsis Campaign guidelines?
Answer: Norepinephrine
Norepinephrine is the first-line vasopressor for septic shock due to its potent alpha-adrenergic effects and favorable safety profile.
Which measurement is MOST useful for assessing fluid responsiveness in a mechanically ventilated patient?
Answer: Pulse pressure variation (PPV)
PPV >13% during mechanical ventilation reliably predicts fluid responsiveness by reflecting preload dependency.
A patient has a cardiac output of 3.0 L/min and a body surface area of 2.0 m². What is the cardiac index?
Answer: 1.5 L/min/m²
Cardiac index = CO / BSA = 3.0 / 2.0 = 1.5 L/min/m², which is below the normal range of 2.2–4.0.
An ACNP notes that a patient's arterial line shows a dampened waveform. Which action should be taken FIRST?
Answer: Check for air bubbles or kinks in the tubing
A dampened arterial line waveform most commonly results from air bubbles, clots, or kinks in the tubing, which should be assessed first.
Which hemodynamic profile is consistent with hypovolemic shock?
Answer: Low CVP, low CO, high SVR
Hypovolemic shock presents with low filling pressures (low CVP), low cardiac output, and compensatory high SVR.