Acute Kidney Injury and Renal Replacement Therapy Flashcards
6 cards from real Acute Care Nurse Practitioner practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 6 Acute Kidney Injury and Renal Replacement Therapy flashcards as text
According to KDIGO criteria, which finding defines Stage 1 AKI?
Answer: Creatinine increase ≥0.3 mg/dL within 48 hours
KDIGO Stage 1 AKI = serum creatinine rise ≥0.3 mg/dL within 48 hours OR ≥1.5× baseline within 7 days OR UO 6 hours.
Which of the following is the MOST common cause of AKI in the ICU?
Answer: Sepsis-associated AKI
Sepsis is the most common cause of AKI in critically ill patients, accounting for nearly 50% of ICU AKI cases.
Which urinalysis finding MOST suggests intrinsic renal AKI (acute tubular necrosis)?
Answer: Muddy brown granular casts
Muddy brown granular casts are pathognomonic of acute tubular necrosis (ATN), the most common intrinsic renal cause of AKI.
In pre-renal AKI, which urine chemistry finding is expected?
Answer: FeNa 500 mOsm/kg
Pre-renal AKI shows FeNa 500 mOsm/kg (intact tubular function).
Which nephrotoxic agent is MOST commonly implicated in ICU-acquired AKI?
Answer: Aminoglycosides
Aminoglycosides cause direct proximal tubular toxicity and are among the most common nephrotoxic agents in ICU patients.
An ACNP wants to contrast-enhance a CT scan in a patient with eGFR 28 mL/min. Which is the MOST evidence-based preventive strategy?
Answer: Ensure adequate IV hydration with isotonic saline before/after
IV isotonic saline hydration before and after contrast administration is the only consistently evidence-based preventive strategy for contrast-induced nephropathy.