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Student Learning & Development Flashcards

7 cards from real ACT practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

Read the first 7 Student Learning & Development flashcards as text

  1. Which of the following scenarios best exemplifies 'scaffolding' as defined in educational psychology?

    Answer: A tutor provides structured support that is gradually removed as the student gains competence

    Scaffolding involves providing temporary, structured support that is systematically reduced as learner independence increases.

  2. According to self-determination theory, which three basic psychological needs must be met for students to be intrinsically motivated?

    Answer: Competence, autonomy, and relatedness

    Deci and Ryan's self-determination theory identifies competence, autonomy, and relatedness as the core needs driving intrinsic motivation.

  3. A student who attributes a poor ACT score to 'bad luck' rather than lack of preparation is demonstrating which concept?

    Answer: External locus of control

    Attributing outcomes to external, uncontrollable factors like luck reflects an external locus of control.

  4. In the context of adolescent brain development, which cognitive ability is among the last to fully mature, typically in the mid-20s?

    Answer: Executive function and impulse control

    The prefrontal cortex, responsible for executive function and impulse control, is among the last brain regions to fully develop.

  5. Which accommodation would be most appropriate for a student with a documented auditory processing disorder taking the ACT?

    Answer: Extended time and written directions only (no audio)

    Auditory processing disorders affect how the brain interprets spoken language, so providing written directions instead of oral ones directly addresses the functional limitation.

  6. Howard Gardner's Theory of Multiple Intelligences includes all of the following EXCEPT:

    Answer: Emotional intelligence

    Emotional intelligence is associated with Daniel Goleman's work, not Gardner's Multiple Intelligences framework.

  7. A student who believes their abilities are fixed and avoids challenging tasks to prevent failure is demonstrating which mindset according to Carol Dweck's research?

    Answer: Fixed mindset

    Dweck's fixed mindset is characterized by the belief that intelligence is static, leading students to avoid challenges that might expose limitations.