Exercise Science Fundamentals Flashcards
7 cards from real Ace Group Fitness Test practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Exercise Science Fundamentals flashcards as text
Which energy system is the PRIMARY fuel source during the first 10 seconds of a maximal sprint?
Answer: Phosphocreatine (ATP-PC) system
The phosphocreatine system provides immediate ATP for high-intensity efforts lasting up to ~10 seconds without requiring oxygen.
What does the term 'sliding filament theory' describe?
Answer: How actin and myosin filaments overlap to produce muscle contraction
The sliding filament theory explains that actin and myosin filaments slide past each other, shortening the sarcomere and generating force.
Which of the following BEST defines 'stroke volume' in cardiovascular physiology?
Answer: Amount of blood ejected by the left ventricle per beat
Stroke volume is the volume of blood pumped out of the left ventricle with each heartbeat, typically 70 mL at rest.
A participant's muscle fiber predominantly contains Type I (slow-twitch) fibers. Which activity would BEST match this profile?
Answer: 45-minute cycle endurance ride
Type I fibers are highly oxidative and fatigue-resistant, making them ideal for prolonged, moderate-intensity aerobic activities.
Which hormone is primarily responsible for regulating blood glucose levels during prolonged aerobic exercise?
Answer: Glucagon
Glucagon stimulates glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis in the liver to maintain blood glucose when levels drop during sustained exercise.
What is the definition of 'cardiac output'?
Answer: Heart rate multiplied by stroke volume
Cardiac output (Q) = heart rate × stroke volume, representing the total volume of blood the heart pumps per minute.
During an eccentric muscle contraction, what happens to the muscle?
Answer: The muscle lengthens while developing tension
Eccentric contractions occur when the muscle generates force while lengthening, such as lowering a weight under control.