ACE Anatomy & Biomechanics Flashcards
6 cards from real ACE practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 6 ACE Anatomy & Biomechanics flashcards as text
Which muscle group is responsible for plantarflexion, which occurs during a calf raise or push-off in aerobics?
Answer: Gastrocnemius and soleus
The gastrocnemius and soleus (triceps surae) are the primary plantarflexors, pointing the foot downward and propelling the body during dynamic movements.
What is the function of synergist muscles during a movement pattern?
Answer: They assist the agonist in performing the primary movement
Synergist muscles assist the primary mover (agonist) by contributing force or stabilizing adjacent joints to optimize movement efficiency.
What joint action characterizes dorsiflexion, and why is adequate dorsiflexion important for squats?
Answer: Pulling the toes toward the shin; allows heels to stay down and knees to track over toes
Dorsiflexion pulls the foot toward the shin; adequate range is required in squats to keep heels grounded and maintain proper knee and hip alignment.
Which anatomical landmark is used as a reference when instructing proper knee alignment during lower-body exercises?
Answer: Second toe (mid-foot line)
Instructors cue participants to track the knee over the second toe to prevent valgus (inward) collapse and reduce knee joint stress.
What is the term for the position of the body when describing anatomical movements and directions?
Answer: Anatomical position
Anatomical position is the standard reference stance — standing upright, arms at sides, palms facing forward — used universally to describe body movements and locations.
Which type of muscle contraction produces force without any change in muscle length or joint angle?
Answer: Isometric
An isometric contraction generates tension in the muscle without shortening or lengthening, keeping the joint at a fixed angle.