ACCS Neurological and Renal Care Flashcards
6 cards from real ACCS practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 6 ACCS Neurological and Renal Care flashcards as text
A critically ill patient has a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 8. What is the priority intervention?
Answer: Secure the airway with endotracheal intubation
A GCS of 8 or below indicates inability to protect the airway, making immediate intubation the priority.
Which finding on a head CT is most consistent with increased intracranial pressure (ICP) requiring urgent intervention?
Answer: Midline shift greater than 5 mm
Midline shift greater than 5 mm indicates significant mass effect and raised ICP requiring urgent neurosurgical evaluation.
What is the recommended cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) target in patients with traumatic brain injury?
Answer: 60–70 mmHg
Current guidelines recommend maintaining CPP between 60–70 mmHg to ensure adequate cerebral oxygen delivery.
A patient with acute kidney injury (AKI) in the ICU develops a potassium level of 6.8 mEq/L with peaked T waves on ECG. What is the first-line emergency treatment?
Answer: Calcium gluconate IV
Calcium gluconate stabilizes the cardiac membrane and is the first-line treatment for hyperkalemia with ECG changes.
According to the KDIGO criteria, which of the following defines Stage 3 acute kidney injury?
Answer: Creatinine increase ≥3× baseline or initiation of renal replacement therapy
KDIGO Stage 3 AKI is defined by a creatinine increase ≥3× baseline, creatinine ≥4 mg/dL, or initiation of renal replacement therapy.
Which continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) mode removes both solutes by diffusion and convection?
Answer: Continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration (CVVHDF)
CVVHDF combines diffusion (dialysis) and convection (filtration) to maximize solute clearance across all molecular sizes.