Trivia Flashcards

Which protein quality metric accounts for both the amino acid profile and the digestibility of a protein source?

Answer: Protein Digestibility Corrected Amino Acid Score (PDCAAS)

PDCAAS corrects the amino acid score of a protein by its true fecal digestibility, making it the WHO/FAO-recommended method for evaluating protein quality.

Vitamin K is best known for its essential role in which physiological process?

Answer: Blood clotting (coagulation)

Vitamin K is a cofactor for the carboxylation of clotting factors II, VII, IX, and X, making it essential for normal blood coagulation.

A client follows a strict vegan diet. Which nutrient is MOST likely to be deficient and require supplementation?

Answer: Vitamin B12

Vitamin B12 is found almost exclusively in animal-derived foods; vegans are at high risk of deficiency and typically require supplements or fortified foods.

The thermic effect of food (TEF) is highest for which macronutrient?

Answer: Protein (~20–30%)

Protein has the highest thermic effect, requiring 20–30% of its own calories for digestion, absorption, and metabolism.

Which condition is characterized by excessive accumulation of uric acid crystals in the joints, often linked to high purine intake?

Answer: Gout

Gout results from hyperuricemia, where uric acid (end product of purine metabolism) crystallizes in joints, causing acute inflammatory arthritis.

The tolerable upper intake level (UL) for a nutrient represents:

Answer: The highest daily intake unlikely to cause adverse health effects

The UL is the maximum daily intake from all sources considered unlikely to pose a risk of adverse health effects for almost all individuals.

Which monosaccharide is the primary unit that makes up dietary starch and glycogen?

Answer: Glucose

Both starch (in plants) and glycogen (in animals) are polysaccharides made entirely of glucose units linked by alpha-glycosidic bonds.