ACBN Nutrition Science Fundamentals Flashcards
6 cards from real ACBN practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 6 ACBN Nutrition Science Fundamentals flashcards as text
Which lipoprotein transports dietary triglycerides from the intestine to peripheral tissues?
Answer: Chylomicrons
Chylomicrons are synthesized in intestinal enterocytes and transport dietary lipids through the lymphatic system into systemic circulation.
The Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) for total fat intake in adults is:
Answer: 20–35% of total calories
The AMDR for fat in adults is 20–35% of total energy intake, as established in the Dietary Reference Intakes.
Vitamin B12 deficiency most commonly results from inadequate absorption due to lack of:
Answer: Intrinsic factor
Intrinsic factor, secreted by gastric parietal cells, is essential for B12 absorption in the terminal ileum; its absence causes pernicious anemia.
Which of the following is a conditionally essential amino acid that becomes essential during periods of rapid growth or illness?
Answer: Glutamine
Glutamine is conditionally essential during critical illness, major surgery, or intense exercise when the body's synthetic capacity is exceeded.
The Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) is the intake level estimated to meet the needs of what percentage of healthy individuals?
Answer: 50%
The EAR meets the needs of 50% of healthy individuals in a group and is used to set the RDA and assess group dietary adequacy.
Which monosaccharide cannot be directly used by most cells without first being converted to glucose in the liver?
Answer: Both fructose and galactose
Both fructose and galactose are metabolized primarily in the liver, where they are converted to glucose or enter glycolytic pathways.