ACBN Clinical Nutrition & Medical Nutrition Therapy Flashcards

The ASPEN definition of malnutrition requires how many of six diagnostic criteria to be present?

Answer: At least 2 of 6

ASPEN/AND diagnostic criteria require at least 2 of 6 characteristics: inadequate intake, weight loss, body fat loss, muscle mass loss, fluid accumulation, or reduced grip strength.

In MNT for heart failure, fluid restriction is typically indicated when daily fluid intake exceeds:

Answer: 1.5–2 liters per day

Fluid restriction to 1.5–2 L/day is commonly recommended in symptomatic heart failure to reduce preload and prevent fluid overload.

Which nutrition assessment tool uses four parameters — serum albumin, serum transferrin, triceps skinfold, and delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity — to rate nutritional status?

Answer: Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI)

The Prognostic Nutritional Index uses these four objective markers to predict surgical risk and nutritional status in clinical patients.

For critically ill patients in the ICU, early enteral nutrition is generally recommended within:

Answer: 24–48 hours of ICU admission

ASPEN/SCCM guidelines recommend initiating enteral nutrition within 24–48 hours in hemodynamically stable ICU patients to maintain gut integrity and immune function.

Osteoporosis prevention and treatment MNT focuses primarily on adequate intake of which two nutrients?

Answer: Calcium and vitamin D

Adequate calcium (1000–1200 mg/day) and vitamin D (600–800 IU/day) are the foundational nutritional interventions for osteoporosis prevention and management.

In MNT for HIV/AIDS, the primary nutritional goal is to:

Answer: Maintain lean body mass and prevent wasting

HIV-associated wasting significantly worsens prognosis, so maintaining lean body mass through adequate protein and energy intake is the primary nutritional goal.