Technical Foundations Flashcards
7 cards from real ABLE practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Technical Foundations flashcards as text
Which scoring approach awards points based on the number of correct responses without penalizing for incorrect answers?
Answer: Right-only scoring
Right-only scoring (number-correct scoring) gives one point per correct answer and does not subtract points for wrong responses, encouraging examinees to attempt all items.
A listening test is administered using audio recordings that examinees cannot pause or replay. This condition primarily affects which assessment quality?
Answer: Practicality
Practicality refers to the feasibility and resource efficiency of a test; rigid audio conditions can reflect real-world listening but also constrain administration logistics.
In generalizability theory, what term describes a potential source of score variation such as raters, occasions, or tasks?
Answer: Facet
Generalizability theory uses the term 'facet' to refer to any systematic source of variance in scores, such as items, raters, or test occasions.
Which type of test compares an individual's score to a predetermined performance standard rather than to other test-takers?
Answer: Criterion-referenced test
Criterion-referenced tests measure performance against an absolute standard or cut score, not relative to the performance of other examinees.
What is the term for presenting easier items first and progressively harder items later in a fixed-format test?
Answer: Graduated item sequencing
Graduated item sequencing arranges items in ascending order of difficulty to reduce test anxiety and allow examinees to build confidence before harder items.
Which validity framework emphasizes the interpretive argument that links test scores to score-based decisions and actions?
Answer: Kane's argument-based approach
Kane's argument-based approach to validity requires test developers to make explicit the chain of inferences from test performance to score interpretation and use.
In a multiple-choice item, which component presents the question or incomplete statement to the examinee?
Answer: Stem
The stem is the part of a multiple-choice item that poses the question or problem that examinees must answer.