Applied Behavior Analysis Behavior Reduction Interventions 1 Flashcards

In differential reinforcement of other behavior (DRO), reinforcement is delivered when:

Answer: The target behavior has not occurred during a specified time interval

DRO reinforces the absence of the target behavior during a set interval — no particular replacement behavior is required, only the non-occurrence of the problem behavior within that window.

Non-contingent reinforcement (NCR) reduces problem behavior primarily by:

Answer: Delivering the maintaining reinforcer independent of the individual's behavior

NCR delivers the reinforcer that maintains the problem behavior on a fixed-time or variable-time schedule regardless of what the individual does, which reduces the motivating operation and thereby the probability of the problem behavior.

Positive practice overcorrection differs from restitution overcorrection in that positive practice requires the individual to:

Answer: Repeatedly practice the correct or appropriate form of the behavior contingent on the problem behavior

Positive practice overcorrection involves the repeated rehearsal of a correct behavior as a consequence of the problem behavior, whereas restitution requires the individual to repair the environmental damage caused by the behavior.

Functional communication training (FCT) is considered a behavior reduction intervention because it:

Answer: Teaches a communicative response that accesses the same reinforcer as the problem behavior

FCT replaces the problem behavior with an appropriate communicative response (e.g., asking for a break) that produces the same functional reinforcer, making the problem behavior unnecessary while keeping the individual's access to reinforcement intact.

Which of the following best describes negative punishment as a behavior reduction procedure?

Answer: Removing a preferred stimulus contingent on the occurrence of the problem behavior

Negative punishment involves the removal (hence 'negative') of a desired stimulus following a behavior, which decreases the future frequency of that behavior. Response cost and time-out from positive reinforcement are common examples.

Manipulating an establishing operation (EO) before a session reduces problem behavior by:

Answer: Temporarily decreasing the value of the reinforcer that maintains the problem behavior

Providing pre-session access to the maintaining reinforcer (an abolishing operation) reduces its current reinforcing value, thereby decreasing the individual's motivation to engage in problem behavior to obtain it during the session.