Trivium Nutrition and Diet Therapy 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which condition requires a low-sodium diet?
- Hypoglycemia
- Hypertension (Correct answer)
- Hypothyroidism
- Hyperlipidemia
Correct answer: Hypertension
Reducing sodium intake helps lower blood pressure by decreasing fluid retention and vascular resistance.
Question 2: A patient with iron-deficiency anemia should increase intake of which food?
- Milk
- White bread
- Lean red meat (Correct answer)
- Butter
Correct answer: Lean red meat
Lean red meat is rich in heme iron, the most bioavailable form of iron that the body absorbs most efficiently.
Question 3: Which vitamin deficiency is associated with scurvy?
- Vitamin A
- Vitamin B12
- Vitamin C (Correct answer)
- Vitamin D
Correct answer: Vitamin C
Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is essential for collagen synthesis; deficiency leads to scurvy, characterized by bleeding gums and poor wound healing.
Question 4: A mechanically altered diet differs from a pureed diet in that it allows:
- Thin liquids only
- Foods that are minced or chopped (Correct answer)
- Clear broths only
- Tube feeding formulas
Correct answer: Foods that are minced or chopped
A mechanically altered diet permits minced, ground, or finely chopped foods that are easier to chew, unlike fully pureed textures.
Question 5: Which carbohydrate type takes longest to digest and helps stabilize blood sugar?
- Simple sugars
- Refined starches
- Complex carbohydrates (Correct answer)
- Fructose
Correct answer: Complex carbohydrates
Complex carbohydrates contain longer glucose chains that break down slowly, resulting in a gradual rise in blood sugar.
Question 6: Enteral nutrition refers to feeding through which route?
- Intravenous line
- Gastrointestinal tract via tube (Correct answer)
- Subcutaneous injection
- Oral supplements only
Correct answer: Gastrointestinal tract via tube
Enteral nutrition delivers nutrients directly into the gastrointestinal tract via nasogastric, nasojejunal, or gastrostomy tubes.
Question 7: Which food group is the primary dietary source of complete proteins?
- Grains
- Vegetables
- Animal products (Correct answer)
- Fruits
Correct answer: Animal products
Animal products such as meat, fish, eggs, and dairy contain all essential amino acids, making them complete protein sources.
Trivium Nutrition and Diet Therapy 2
Which condition requires a low-sodium diet?