TExES Exam Science 7-12 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which process describes the movement of water from soil into plant roots?
- Transpiration
- Osmosis (Correct answer)
- Diffusion
- Active transport
Correct answer: Osmosis
Osmosis drives water from an area of higher water concentration (soil) into root cells where solute concentration is higher.
Question 2: Which type of rock forms from the cooling and solidification of magma or lava?
- Sedimentary rock
- Metamorphic rock
- Igneous rock (Correct answer)
- Fossiliferous rock
Correct answer: Igneous rock
Igneous rocks form when magma cools below Earth's surface or lava solidifies on the surface, crystallizing into rock.
Question 3: Which variable is changed intentionally by the experimenter in a controlled experiment?
- Dependent variable
- Control variable
- Independent variable (Correct answer)
- Confounding variable
Correct answer: Independent variable
The independent variable is deliberately manipulated by the experimenter to observe its effect on the dependent variable.
Question 4: DNA replication ensures that each new cell receives:
- Half the original DNA
- A complete copy of the original DNA (Correct answer)
- Only the active genes
- Randomly selected chromosomes
Correct answer: A complete copy of the original DNA
During DNA replication, each strand serves as a template, resulting in two identical copies of the entire genome for each daughter cell.
Question 5: The pH scale measures the concentration of which ion in a solution?
- Sodium ions (Na⁺)
- Chloride ions (Cl⁻)
- Hydrogen ions (H⁺) (Correct answer)
- Hydroxide ions (OH⁻)
Correct answer: Hydrogen ions (H⁺)
pH measures the concentration of hydrogen ions (H⁺) in a solution, with lower values indicating higher acidity.
Question 6: Which ecological term describes the sequence of community changes following a disturbance such as a wildfire?
- Primary succession
- Secondary succession (Correct answer)
- Biotic homogenization
- Trophic cascade
Correct answer: Secondary succession
Secondary succession occurs when a community recovers after a disturbance that removes organisms but leaves the soil intact.
TExES Exam Science 7-12 2
Which process describes the movement of water from soil into plant roots?