Question 1: Determine whether the sentence in the open and close parenthesis is correct or whether it needs to be revised. Firefighters and police officers risk their lives often by stepping into the way of danger physically; (therefore,) professionals such as doctors and lawyers have an equally significant impact on individuals’ lives medically and legally.

• therefore
• but
• nevertheless (Correct answer)
• as a result
• and

Correct answer: nevertheless

The first clause (everything before the semi colon) definitely does not cause what is explained in the second clause (everything after the semi colon), so “therefore” is an inappropriate transition. This sentence is presenting contrasting professions (firefighter/police officer and doctor/lawyer) since two are viewed as blue-collar (working class) and the others are white-collar (professional); therefore, a contrasting conjunction is needed. Choice (“therefore”), choice (“as a result”) and choice (“and”) do not present contrasting conjunctions. In this sentence “but” is not your best option for a conjunction. A semi-colon is used, so the three simple conjunctions (and/but/yet/etc.) are not as appropriate as the complex conjunctions (therefore/however/nevertheless/etc.). If just a comma was used, then “but” would have been appropriate (i.e. “...into the way of danger physically, but professionals such as doctors...”). So now it’s down to “nevertheless.” Choice “nevertheless” is your best answer.

Question 2: Determine whether the sentence in the open and close parenthesis is correct or whether it needs to be revised. (In many cultures they consider fish eggs a delicacy.)

• In many cultures they consider fish eggs a delicacy.
• In many cultures fish eggs are considered a delicacy. (Correct answer)
• In many cultures a delicacy is considered to be fish eggs.
• Fish eggs, a delicacy in many cultures.
• They consider fish eggs to be a delicacy in many cultures.

Correct answer: In many cultures fish eggs are considered a delicacy.

The correct answer is “In many cultures fish eggs are considered a delicacy.” (“In many cultures they consider fish eggs a delicacy.” is tempting, but the pronoun “they” is vague. “They consider fish eggs to be a delicacy in many cultures.” has the same vague pronoun problem. “In many cultures a delicacy is considered to be fish eggs.” is just weird all over. “Fish eggs, a delicacy in many cultures.” is a fragment.)

Question 3: Determine whether the sentence in the open and close parenthesis is correct or whether it needs to be revised.: Sports are a significant part of life for people all across the world, as was demonstrated in 2006 when billions of people came together to be involved with the (World Cup either through playing, watching or thru advertising.)

• World Cup either through playing, watching or thru advertising. (Correct answer)
• world cup either through playing, watching or thru advertising.
• World Cup either through playing, watching or through advertising.
• World Cup either through playing, watching or advertising.
• World Cup either through playing, watching or advertising for it.

Correct answer: World Cup either through playing, watching or thru advertising.

This sentence tests your knowledge of capitalization and awareness of parallelism. The original sentence is incorrect because choice “World Cup either through playing, watching or thru advertising.” destroys the parallelism (i.e. thru advertising instead of simply “advertising”) and uses the informal spelling of through (i.e. “thru”). Only choices “World Cup either through playing, watching or advertising.” and “World Cup either through playing, watching or advertising for it.” correct the parallelism error; however, the list should strictly contain gerunds in order to be parallel, so “advertising for it” is not the best choice. By ending with “for it” the author is also implying that one may “play for it” and “watch for it,” and although one may play for the World Cup through a grammar stretch, one cannot possibly “watch for it” and do the same thing as one who simply “watches it.” Choice “World Cup either through playing, watching or advertising for it.” uses the appropriate capitalization (because the World Cup is a major sports event it is a proper noun that must be capitalized) and maintains strict parallelism in the concluding list of ways to be involved.

Question 4: Determine whether the sentence in the open and close parenthesis is correct or whether it needs to be revised. : The argument (between Paarin and me about the dent in his car continued) until the early morning.

• between Paarin and me about the dent in his car continued (Correct answer)
• between Paarin and I about the dent in his car continued
• about the dent in his car continued for Paarin and I
• on the dent in his car between Paarin and me continued
• between Paarin and I on the dent in his car continued

Correct answer: between Paarin and me about the dent in his car continued

The correct answer is “between Paarin and me about the dent in his car continued” (“between Paarin and I about the dent in his car continued”, “about the dent in his car continued for Paarin and I”, and “between Paarin and I on the dent in his car continued” all have pronoun case errors: when the pronoun is the object of a preposition like “between,” you need to use the objective case. “on the dent in his car between Paarin and me continued” is awkward, especially in its misused idiom: “argument on.”)

Question 5: Determine whether the sentence in the open and close parenthesis is correct or whether it needs to be revised. : During the (summer many students go away to summer camps that teach them skills about camaraderie, perseverance and integrity.)

• summer many students go away to summer camps that teach them skills about camaraderie, perseverance and integrity.
• Summer many students go away to summer camps that teach them skills about camaraderie, perseverance and integrity.
• summer many students go away to summer camps that teach them skills about camaraderie, perseverance and maintaining integrity.
• Summer many students go away to camps that teach them skills about camaraderie, perseverance and integrity.

Only choice “summer many students go away to camps that teach them skills about camaraderie, perseverance and integrity.” corrects the redundancy error in this sentence of writing “...summer camps...” after already stating that this event occurs “During the summer...” Choice “summer many students go away to summer camps that teach them skills about camaraderie, perseverance and integrity.”, “Summer many students go away to summer camps that teach them skills about camaraderie, perseverance and integrity.” and “summer many students go away to summer camps that teach them skills about camaraderie, perseverance and maintaining integrity.” suffer such redundancy. Choice “summer many students go away to summer camps that teach them skills about camaraderie, perseverance and maintaining integrity.” also breaks the list’s parallelism (values such as camaraderie and perseverance that should be followed simply by “integrity”). Choice “summer many students go away to camps that teach them skills about camaraderie, perseverance and integrity.” and “Summer many students go away to camps that teach them skills about camaraderie, perseverance and integrity.” remain, but choice “Summer many students go away to camps that teach them skills about camaraderie, perseverance and integrity.” makes the same mistake of choice “Summer many students go away to summer camps that teach them skills about camaraderie, perseverance and integrity.” by capitalizing a season. Although it may look better, seasons are NOT supposed to be capitalized unless they appear in a title or a proper noun.

Question 6: Determine whether the sentence in the open and close parenthesis is correct or whether it needs to be revised. : A consummate gentleman, (Stefan's etiquette and social grace was unmatched.)

• Stefan's etiquette and social grace was unmatched.
• Stefan's etiquette and social grace were unmatched.
• Stefan's etiquette as well as his social grace were unmatched.
• Stefan possessed unmatched etiquette and social grace. (Correct answer)
• Stefan's social grace was matched only by his etiquette.

Correct answer: Stefan possessed unmatched etiquette and social grace.

The correct answer is “Stefan possessed unmatched etiquette and social grace.” (“Stefan's etiquette and social grace was unmatched.”, “Stefan's etiquette and social grace were unmatched.”, “Stefan's etiquette as well as his social grace were unmatched.”, and “Stefan's social grace was matched only by his etiquette.” are all dangling modifiers. “Stefan's etiquette and social grace was unmatched.” has a verb agreement problem, too.)

Question 7: Determine whether the sentence in the open and close parenthesis is correct or whether it needs to be revised. : In countries such as China the government is recognizing the advantages of (a capitalist market rather than communism and adjust) economic policy accordingly.

• capitalist market rather than communism and adjust
• capitalist market rather than Communism and adjust
• capitalist market rather than a communist market and adjust
• capitalist market rather than a communist market and adjusting (Correct answer)
• Capitalistic market nor a Communist market and adjusting

Correct answer: capitalist market rather than a communist market and adjusting

The problem with this sentence is in parallel structure. The test is very particular about being consistent about the forms of words used. So specifically since the sentence refers to a capitalist market, then the sentence must refer to a communist market—not communism, which is an ideology rather than a market system in this context. Only choices “capitalist market rather than Communism and adjust”, “capitalist market rather than a communist market and adjusting” and “Capitalistic market nor a Communist market and adjusting” remain. Choice “Capitalistic market nor a Communist market and adjusting” commits terrible capitalization (neither “capitalist” nor “communist”) mistakes and structure errors (where does the “nor” fit in?! It does not!) Only choice “capitalist market rather than Communism and adjust” and choice “capitalist market rather than a communist market and adjusting” remain now, but “capitalist market rather than Communism and adjust” mistakenly capitalizes communism and does not change “adjust” to match the parallel verb (i.e. recognizing). Choice “capitalist market rather than a communist market and adjusting” uses the right adjective forms of capitalism and communism, does not make capitalization errors and maintains parallel sentence structure.

Question 8: Determine whether the sentence in the open and close parenthesis is correct or whether it needs to be revised.: Most of my favorite movies contain (slapstick humor, however physical comedy is not) the only way to make me laugh.

• slapstick humor, however physical comedy is not
• slapstick humor, but physical comedy is not (Correct answer)
• slapstick humor, and physical comedy is not
• slapstick humor; physical comedy is not
• slapstick humor, but it is not physical comedy that is

Correct answer: slapstick humor, but physical comedy is not

The correct answer is “slapstick humor, but physical comedy is not” (“slapstick humor, however physical comedy is not” is a run-on: “however” is NOT a conjunction. “slapstick humor, and physical comedy is not” and “slapstick humor; physical comedy is not” are missing contrast. “slapstick humor, but it is not physical comedy that is” is not at all concise.)

Question 9: Determine whether the sentence in the open and close parenthesis is correct or whether it needs to be revised. : Learning a new language can be difficult for people (after one reaches a certain age; ) abilities needed to retain and apply new linguistic information deteriorate with time.

• after one reaches a certain age
• after they reach a certain age (Correct answer)
• after they reaches certain ages
• after it reaches a certain age
• after you reach a certain age

Correct answer: after they reach a certain age

The original sentence uses the singular pronoun 'one,' which creates an inconsistency with the general subject 'people' and the subsequent plural implication of 'abilities needed.' Option B correctly replaces 'one' with the plural pronoun 'they' to agree with 'people,' and uses the plural verb 'reach' to match 'they.' This maintains a consistent and grammatically correct perspective throughout the sentence.

Question 10: Determine whether the sentence in the open and close parenthesis is correct or whether it needs to be revised. : A growing technology trend is to merge multiple devices with complimentary functions such as a phone, music player and (the scheduling features of a planner.)

• the scheduling features of a planner.
• and a planner with scheduling features.
• and scheduling features.
• scheduling features.
• a planner. (Correct answer)

Correct answer: a planner.

The sentence presents a list of devices: 'a phone, music player and...' To maintain parallelism, the final item in the list must be a noun that is structurally similar to 'phone' and 'music player.' Option E, 'a planner,' is a simple noun that perfectly aligns with the other items, creating a grammatically balanced and clear list. The original phrase 'the scheduling features of a planner' is unnecessarily wordy and breaks the parallel structure.