SAT Cell Division: Mitosis and Meiosis 1 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which of the following correctly describes the order of phases in mitosis?
- Prophase, Anaphase, Metaphase, Telophase
- Metaphase, Prophase, Anaphase, Telophase
- Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase (Correct answer)
- Anaphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Telophase
Correct answer: Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase
The correct order of mitotic phases is Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase, remembered by the mnemonic PMAT.
Question 2: During which phase of mitosis do chromosomes align along the cell's equatorial plate?
- Prophase
- Metaphase (Correct answer)
- Anaphase
- Telophase
Correct answer: Metaphase
During metaphase, spindle fibers attach to centromeres and align chromosomes along the cell's equatorial plate.
Question 3: A human cell with 46 chromosomes undergoes meiosis. How many chromosomes will each resulting cell contain?
- 92
- 46
- 23 (Correct answer)
- 12
Correct answer: 23
Meiosis halves the chromosome number, so a diploid cell with 46 chromosomes produces haploid cells with 23 chromosomes.
Question 4: DNA replication occurs during which phase of the cell cycle?
- G1 phase
- S phase (Correct answer)
- G2 phase
- M phase
Correct answer: S phase
DNA synthesis (replication) occurs exclusively during the S (synthesis) phase of interphase.
Question 5: What is the primary result of cytokinesis following mitosis?
- DNA replication in daughter cells
- Separation of chromosomes to opposite poles
- Division of the cytoplasm into two separate daughter cells (Correct answer)
- Formation of the spindle apparatus
Correct answer: Division of the cytoplasm into two separate daughter cells
Cytokinesis is the physical division of the cytoplasm following nuclear division, producing two distinct daughter cells.
Question 6: What structure holds sister chromatids together at their junction prior to their separation during cell division?
- Spindle fiber
- Centromere (Correct answer)
- Nuclear envelope
- Cell plate
Correct answer: Centromere
The centromere is the constricted region of the chromosome where sister chromatids are joined until they separate during anaphase.
Question 7: How many haploid cells are produced from a single diploid cell that undergoes complete meiosis?
- 1
- 2
- 4 (Correct answer)
- 8
Correct answer: 4
Meiosis consists of two sequential divisions (meiosis I and meiosis II), producing 4 haploid cells from one original diploid cell.
SAT Cell Division: Mitosis and Meiosis 1
Which of the following correctly describes the order of phases in mitosis?