SACA Factory Data Analytics 3 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which machine learning algorithm is most commonly used for anomaly detection in continuous sensor streams?
- Linear regression
- Isolation Forest (Correct answer)
- K-Means clustering with fixed centroids
- Naive Bayes classifier
Correct answer: Isolation Forest
Isolation Forest isolates anomalies by randomly partitioning data, making it effective for detecting rare events in sensor streams.
Question 2: What is the key difference between descriptive and diagnostic analytics in a factory setting?
- Descriptive uses real-time data; diagnostic uses historical data only
- Descriptive summarizes what happened; diagnostic explains why it happened (Correct answer)
- Descriptive predicts failures; diagnostic recommends corrective actions
- Descriptive is automated; diagnostic requires human review
Correct answer: Descriptive summarizes what happened; diagnostic explains why it happened
Descriptive analytics answers 'what happened' through summaries and dashboards, while diagnostic analytics drills into root causes.
Question 3: A factory wants to predict equipment failure 48 hours in advance. Which analytics approach is most suitable?
- Descriptive analytics with real-time dashboards
- Diagnostic analytics with root cause trees
- Predictive analytics using historical sensor data and ML models (Correct answer)
- Prescriptive analytics with manual inspection schedules
Correct answer: Predictive analytics using historical sensor data and ML models
Predictive analytics uses historical patterns and machine learning to forecast future events like equipment failures.
Question 4: Which data quality dimension measures the extent to which data is available when needed?
- Accuracy
- Completeness
- Timeliness (Correct answer)
- Consistency
Correct answer: Timeliness
Timeliness refers to whether data is available at the time it is needed for decision-making.
Question 5: In an IoT-enabled factory, what protocol is most widely used for lightweight machine-to-machine messaging?
- HTTP/1.1
- MQTT (Correct answer)
- FTP
- SMTP
Correct answer: MQTT
MQTT (Message Queuing Telemetry Transport) is a lightweight publish-subscribe protocol designed for constrained IoT devices.
Question 6: What is the purpose of a Pareto chart in factory quality analytics?
- To display the distribution of a single continuous variable
- To show correlations between two process variables
- To identify the vital few defect causes that account for most quality issues (Correct answer)
- To track control limits over time for a single metric
Correct answer: To identify the vital few defect causes that account for most quality issues
A Pareto chart ranks defect causes by frequency, highlighting the 20% of causes responsible for 80% of problems.
Question 7: Which metric measures the proportion of time a machine is actually producing versus its scheduled production time?
- Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE)
- Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF)
- Machine Availability Rate (Correct answer)
- Throughput Yield
Correct answer: Machine Availability Rate
Machine Availability Rate specifically measures uptime as a percentage of scheduled production time, excluding planned and unplanned downtime.
SACA Factory Data Analytics 3
Which machine learning algorithm is most commonly used for anomaly detection in continuous sensor streams?