RN Health Promotion and Maintenance 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: A nurse is teaching a patient with type 2 diabetes about foot care. Which instruction is most important?
- Walk barefoot indoors to toughen the skin
- Inspect feet daily and wear well-fitted shoes (Correct answer)
- Soak feet in hot water for 30 minutes each day
- Use a heating pad for foot pain relief
Correct answer: Inspect feet daily and wear well-fitted shoes
Daily foot inspection and proper footwear prevent undetected injuries and pressure ulcers that can progress to serious infection or amputation in diabetic patients.
Question 2: A nurse is teaching a 55-year-old male patient about colorectal cancer screening. Which is the recommended screening for an average-risk adult?
- Annual digital rectal exam only
- Colonoscopy every 10 years starting at age 45 (Correct answer)
- Sigmoidoscopy every 5 years starting at age 60
- Stool DNA test every 3 years starting at age 65
Correct answer: Colonoscopy every 10 years starting at age 45
The American Cancer Society recommends colorectal cancer screening beginning at age 45 for average-risk adults; colonoscopy every 10 years is a standard option.
Question 3: Which teaching is most important for a patient prescribed warfarin for atrial fibrillation?
- Avoid all physical activity to prevent bleeding
- Maintain a consistent intake of vitamin K-containing foods and report unusual bleeding (Correct answer)
- Take double the dose if a dose is missed
- Avoid all NSAIDs and monitor INR as scheduled
Correct answer: Maintain a consistent intake of vitamin K-containing foods and report unusual bleeding
Consistent vitamin K intake prevents INR fluctuations, and reporting unusual bleeding ensures early detection of hemorrhagic complications from warfarin therapy.
Question 4: A nurse is teaching a new mother about sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) prevention. Which instruction is correct?
- Place the infant on their stomach to sleep
- Use soft bedding and pillows for comfort
- Place the infant on their back on a firm, flat surface in their own sleep space (Correct answer)
- Share a bed with the infant for easy nighttime feeding
Correct answer: Place the infant on their back on a firm, flat surface in their own sleep space
The 'Back to Sleep' or 'Safe Sleep' campaign consistently recommends supine positioning on a firm, flat surface without soft objects to reduce SIDS risk.
Question 5: A nurse is teaching osteoporosis prevention to a 40-year-old woman. Which combination of recommendations is most effective?
- High-protein diet only
- Calcium 1,000 mg/day, vitamin D 600 IU/day, and weight-bearing exercise (Correct answer)
- Calcium supplementation alone without exercise
- Bed rest to prevent fractures
Correct answer: Calcium 1,000 mg/day, vitamin D 600 IU/day, and weight-bearing exercise
Adequate calcium and vitamin D intake combined with weight-bearing exercise are the three cornerstones of osteoporosis prevention in premenopausal women.
Question 6: A nurse is assessing a 6-month-old during a well-baby visit. Which developmental milestone should the infant have achieved?
- Walking with support
- Using two-word phrases
- Sitting with support and rolling over (Correct answer)
- Pincer grasp and pulling to stand
Correct answer: Sitting with support and rolling over
By 6 months, infants typically sit with support, roll from front to back and back to front, babble, and reach for objects.
RN Health Promotion and Maintenance 2
A nurse is teaching a patient with type 2 diabetes about foot care.
Which instruction is most important?