Psychology Degree FREE Psychology Degree Cognitive Psychology and Memory Questions and Answers 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which memory model proposes that information is processed at different levels, from shallow to deep?
- Levels of processing framework (Correct answer)
- Atkinson-Shiffrin model
- Working memory model
- Parallel distributed processing
Correct answer: Levels of processing framework
Craik and Lockhart's levels of processing framework suggests that deeper semantic processing leads to stronger memory traces than shallow structural or phonemic processing.
Question 2: What phenomenon occurs when previously learned information interferes with the ability to remember new information?
- Proactive interference (Correct answer)
- Retroactive interference
- Decay theory
- Source monitoring error
Correct answer: Proactive interference
Proactive interference occurs when old memories disrupt the retrieval of newer memories, such as calling a new partner by an ex's name.
Question 3: In Baddeley's working memory model, which component is responsible for processing visual and spatial information?
- Visuospatial sketchpad (Correct answer)
- Phonological loop
- Central executive
- Episodic buffer
Correct answer: Visuospatial sketchpad
The visuospatial sketchpad temporarily holds and manipulates visual and spatial information, such as mentally rotating an object.
Question 4: What term describes the enhanced recall of items at the end of a list in a free recall task?
- Recency effect (Correct answer)
- Primacy effect
- Serial position effect
- Von Restorff effect
Correct answer: Recency effect
The recency effect refers to the tendency to remember the last items in a list more easily, thought to reflect retrieval from short-term memory.
Question 5: Which type of amnesia involves the inability to form new long-term memories after a brain injury?
- Anterograde amnesia (Correct answer)
- Retrograde amnesia
- Dissociative amnesia
- Transient global amnesia
Correct answer: Anterograde amnesia
Anterograde amnesia impairs the formation of new memories following brain damage, as famously demonstrated in patient H.M. after bilateral medial temporal lobe removal.
Question 6: What concept in cognitive psychology refers to the automatic activation of related concepts stored in memory?
- Spreading activation (Correct answer)
- Chunking
- Elaborative rehearsal
- State-dependent retrieval
Correct answer: Spreading activation
Spreading activation theory proposes that when one concept in a semantic network is activated, activation spreads to related nodes, facilitating faster recognition of associated words.
Psychology Degree FREE Psychology Degree Cognitive Psychology and Memory Questions and Answers 2
Which memory model proposes that information is processed at different levels, from shallow to deep?