Psychology Degree FREE Principles of Psychology Questions and Answers 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which perspective in psychology emphasizes observable behavior and the role of environmental stimuli in shaping actions?
- Behaviorism (Correct answer)
- Psychoanalysis
- Humanism
- Gestalt psychology
Correct answer: Behaviorism
Behaviorism, founded by John B. Watson, focuses exclusively on observable behavior and how it is learned through interactions with the environment.
Question 2: What does the term 'neuroplasticity' refer to in psychology?
- The brain's ability to reorganize itself by forming new neural connections (Correct answer)
- The fixed nature of brain structures after childhood
- The speed at which neurons transmit signals
- The process of neurotransmitter reuptake
Correct answer: The brain's ability to reorganize itself by forming new neural connections
Neuroplasticity is the brain's capacity to change and adapt by creating new neural pathways, especially in response to learning or injury.
Question 3: In Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which level must be satisfied before an individual can pursue self-actualization?
- Esteem needs (Correct answer)
- Safety needs
- Physiological needs
- Belongingness needs
Correct answer: Esteem needs
Esteem needs, including self-respect and recognition from others, sit directly below self-actualization in Maslow's hierarchy.
Question 4: Which type of memory has the largest capacity and longest duration according to the Atkinson-Shiffrin model?
- Long-term memory (Correct answer)
- Sensory memory
- Short-term memory
- Working memory
Correct answer: Long-term memory
Long-term memory has a virtually unlimited capacity and can store information for a lifetime in the Atkinson-Shiffrin model.
Question 5: What is the primary function of the sympathetic nervous system?
- Activating the fight-or-flight response (Correct answer)
- Promoting rest and digestion
- Coordinating voluntary muscle movement
- Regulating hormonal secretion
Correct answer: Activating the fight-or-flight response
The sympathetic nervous system prepares the body for intense physical activity by triggering the fight-or-flight response during perceived threats.
Question 6: Which psychological concept describes the tendency to attribute others' behavior to internal traits while attributing one's own behavior to external situations?
- Actor-observer bias (Correct answer)
- Confirmation bias
- Halo effect
- Self-serving bias
Correct answer: Actor-observer bias
The actor-observer bias is the tendency to attribute other people's actions to their character while explaining our own actions by situational factors.
Psychology Degree FREE Principles of Psychology Questions and Answers 2
Which perspective in psychology emphasizes observable behavior and the role of environmental stimuli in shaping actions?