PRAXIS - Praxis Teacher Principles of Learning: Assessment Questions and Answers 1 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: During a unit on persuasive writing, a middle school teacher has students write a formal letter to the school principal arguing for a change to a school policy. The teacher evaluates the letters based on the strength of the argument, use of evidence, and adherence to a formal letter format. This assignment is best described as which type of assessment?
- A diagnostic assessment
- A norm-referenced assessment
- An authentic assessment (Correct answer)
- A summative multiple-choice test
Correct answer: An authentic assessment
This is an example of an authentic assessment because it requires students to perform a real-world task that demonstrates a meaningful application of their knowledge and skills. Writing a persuasive letter to a real audience (the principal) about a genuine issue replicates a task that adults perform in civic life.
Question 2: Before beginning a new unit on fractions, a math teacher gives a short quiz to identify students' pre-existing knowledge and misconceptions. The teacher will use the results to plan lessons and form flexible instructional groups. The primary purpose of this quiz is:
- Summative
- Formative
- Diagnostic (Correct answer)
- Performance-based
Correct answer: Diagnostic
This is a diagnostic assessment. The main goal of a diagnostic assessment is to identify students' existing strengths, weaknesses, and knowledge gaps *before* instruction begins to inform planning. The teacher is using the pre-test to diagnose the students' current understanding to tailor future lessons effectively.
Question 3: A school district administers a standardized science test. A student's score report indicates that they scored in the 85th percentile. This means the student:
- Answered 85% of the questions correctly.
- Performed as well as or better than 85% of the other students who took the test. (Correct answer)
- Has mastered 85% of the science content standards for their grade level.
- Is ready to advance to the next grade level in science.
Correct answer: Performed as well as or better than 85% of the other students who took the test.
This is a norm-referenced score. Norm-referenced assessments compare a student's performance to that of a representative group of other students (the 'norm group'). A percentile rank indicates the percentage of test-takers who scored at or below a particular score. Therefore, scoring in the 85th percentile means the student outperformed 85% of their peers.
Question 4: Mr. Davies gives his students a complex, multi-part project. To grade it, he uses a scoring tool that breaks down the assignment into separate criteria (e.g., research, organization, creativity, presentation) and provides a detailed description of what constitutes different levels of performance for each criterion. This assessment tool is known as a(n):
- Checklist
- Holistic rubric
- Analytic rubric (Correct answer)
- Anecdotal record
Correct answer: Analytic rubric
An analytic rubric is the most appropriate tool for this scenario. It is designed to evaluate multiple criteria of an assignment separately, providing distinct scores and detailed feedback for each component. This contrasts with a holistic rubric, which would provide a single, overall score.
Question 5: A teacher notices that when she administers a specific reading fluency assessment, the same students consistently score high, while others consistently score low, regardless of when the test is given throughout the year. This consistency suggests that the assessment has a high degree of:
- Validity
- Reliability (Correct answer)
- Subjectivity
- Authenticity
Correct answer: Reliability
Reliability refers to the consistency of an assessment's results. If a test yields similar scores for the same students across multiple administrations, it is considered reliable. While this assessment is reliable, it may or may not be valid (i.e., actually measuring reading fluency accurately).
Question 6: Which of the following scenarios is the best example of a formative assessment?
- Administering a final exam at the end of a semester.
- Having students complete a K-W-L chart at the start of a new unit.
- Using a standardized state achievement test to measure year-end progress.
- Asking students to give a thumbs-up or thumbs-down to indicate their understanding of a concept during a lesson. (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Asking students to give a thumbs-up or thumbs-down to indicate their understanding of a concept during a lesson.
Formative assessments are ongoing, in-process evaluations used to monitor student learning and adjust instruction. The thumbs-up/thumbs-down check is a quick, informal method for the teacher to gauge understanding in real-time and decide whether to reteach, move on, or provide clarification. The other options are examples of summative (A, C) and diagnostic (B) assessments.
PRAXIS - Praxis Teacher Principles of Learning: Assessment Questions and Answers 1
During a unit on persuasive writing, a middle school teacher has students write a formal letter to the school principal arguing for a change to a school policy.
The teacher evaluates the letters based on the strength of the argument, use of evidence, and adherence to a formal letter format.
This assignment is best described as which type of assessment?