OMT Kinesiology & Biomechanics 1 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which plane of the body divides it into anterior and posterior halves?
- Sagittal plane
- Frontal (coronal) plane (Correct answer)
- Transverse plane
- Oblique plane
Correct answer: Frontal (coronal) plane
The frontal (coronal) plane divides the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) halves.
Question 2: Which type of muscle contraction occurs when the muscle produces force while lengthening?
- Concentric contraction
- Isometric contraction
- Eccentric contraction (Correct answer)
- Isotonic contraction
Correct answer: Eccentric contraction
Eccentric contraction occurs when a muscle generates force while simultaneously lengthening, such as lowering a weight under control.
Question 3: The axis of rotation for flexion and extension of the elbow joint runs in which direction?
- Anterior-posterior
- Superior-inferior
- Medial-lateral (Correct answer)
- Oblique
Correct answer: Medial-lateral
Flexion and extension at the elbow occur around a medial-lateral (transverse) axis, allowing movement in the sagittal plane.
Question 4: What term describes the ratio of force output to force input in a lever system?
- Torque coefficient
- Mechanical advantage (Correct answer)
- Force couple
- Moment arm ratio
Correct answer: Mechanical advantage
Mechanical advantage is the ratio of output force to input force in a lever system, indicating the efficiency of force transmission.
Question 5: The biceps brachii crosses how many joints, making it a multi-joint muscle?
- One joint
- Two joints (Correct answer)
- Three joints
- Four joints
Correct answer: Two joints
The biceps brachii crosses both the shoulder and elbow joints, classifying it as a bi-articular (two-joint) muscle.
Question 6: Which class of lever has the fulcrum located between the effort and the load?
- First-class lever (Correct answer)
- Second-class lever
- Third-class lever
- Fourth-class lever
Correct answer: First-class lever
In a first-class lever, the fulcrum lies between the effort force and the resistance (load), like a seesaw; the atlanto-occipital joint is a human example.
Question 7: Which term describes the movement of a limb segment away from the midline of the body?
- Adduction
- Abduction (Correct answer)
- Circumduction
- Rotation
Correct answer: Abduction
Abduction is the movement of a body segment away from the midline, such as raising the arm laterally from the side.
OMT Kinesiology & Biomechanics 1
Which plane of the body divides it into anterior and posterior halves?