NYC Logical and Deductive Reasoning 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: All city inspectors must wear ID badges. Officer Chen is a city inspector. Which conclusion is valid?
- Officer Chen sometimes wears an ID badge
- Officer Chen must wear an ID badge (Correct answer)
- Officer Chen may be exempt from wearing an ID badge
- Officer Chen wears an ID badge only on duty
Correct answer: Officer Chen must wear an ID badge
Since all city inspectors must wear ID badges and Officer Chen is a city inspector, she must wear one.
Question 2: A supervisor reviews complaints in this order: written, then phone, then in-person. If three complaints arrive simultaneously — one of each type — which is reviewed last?
- Written
- Phone
- In-person (Correct answer)
- All are reviewed simultaneously
Correct answer: In-person
In-person complaints are third in priority, so they are reviewed last.
Question 3: If no patrol officers work the night shift alone, and Rodriguez works the night shift, what must be true?
- Rodriguez is not a patrol officer
- Rodriguez works with at least one other officer (Correct answer)
- Rodriguez supervises the night shift
- Rodriguez works day shifts as well
Correct answer: Rodriguez works with at least one other officer
Since no patrol officer works the night shift alone, Rodriguez must be accompanied by at least one other officer.
Question 4: Records show: whenever overtime is approved, staffing levels are below 80%. Staffing is currently at 85%. What can be concluded?
- Overtime will be approved soon
- Overtime will not be approved (Correct answer)
- Overtime may or may not be approved
- Staffing must drop before a conclusion is possible
Correct answer: Overtime will not be approved
Overtime is only approved when staffing is below 80%; at 85%, the condition is not met, so overtime will not be approved.
Question 5: Five applicants — F, G, H, I, J — are ranked 1–5 (1 = highest). G ranks higher than I. I ranks higher than J. H ranks lower than F but higher than G. Who ranks lowest?
- G
- H
- I
- J (Correct answer)
Correct answer: J
The chain F > H > G > I > J places J in the lowest position.
Question 6: A policy states: 'Employees may take personal leave only if they have completed their probationary period.' Marcus has not completed his probationary period. What follows?
- Marcus may still take personal leave with approval
- Marcus cannot take personal leave (Correct answer)
- Marcus must apply for personal leave regardless
- The policy does not apply to Marcus
Correct answer: Marcus cannot take personal leave
Completing probation is a prerequisite for personal leave; Marcus lacks that prerequisite.
Question 7: A report contains this statement: 'Most delays occur during peak hours, and peak hours are between 8–10 AM and 4–6 PM.' A delay is reported at 2 PM. What is the most logical inference?
- This delay is more likely than not to be unusual (Correct answer)
- This delay occurred during peak hours
- This delay proves the report is wrong
- Peak hours must include 2 PM
Correct answer: This delay is more likely than not to be unusual
Since most delays happen during peak hours and 2 PM is not a peak hour, a 2 PM delay is relatively unusual.
NYC Logical and Deductive Reasoning 2
All city inspectors must wear ID badges.
Officer Chen is a city inspector.
Which conclusion is valid?