NCBTMB Applied Science and Anatomy 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which type of muscle tissue is found in the walls of blood vessels and is controlled involuntarily?
- Cardiac muscle
- Skeletal muscle
- Smooth muscle (Correct answer)
- Striated muscle
Correct answer: Smooth muscle
Smooth muscle lines blood vessel walls and organs and is controlled by the autonomic nervous system without conscious control.
Question 2: The term 'dorsal' in anatomical terminology refers to which direction?
- Toward the front of the body
- Toward the back of the body (Correct answer)
- Toward the midline
- Toward the lower extremities
Correct answer: Toward the back of the body
Dorsal means toward the posterior or back side of the body, opposite of ventral (anterior).
Question 3: Which bone forms the posterior portion of the hard palate?
- Maxilla
- Palatine bone (Correct answer)
- Vomer
- Zygomatic bone
Correct answer: Palatine bone
The palatine bone forms the posterior one-third of the hard palate, while the maxilla forms the anterior two-thirds.
Question 4: What is the primary function of the lymphatic system in the body?
- Transport oxygen to tissues
- Filter blood and remove metabolic waste
- Return excess interstitial fluid to the bloodstream and support immunity (Correct answer)
- Regulate hormonal balance
Correct answer: Return excess interstitial fluid to the bloodstream and support immunity
The lymphatic system collects excess tissue fluid, filters it through lymph nodes, and returns it to venous circulation while supporting immune defense.
Question 5: Which structure separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity?
- Peritoneum
- Pleura
- Diaphragm (Correct answer)
- Mediastinum
Correct answer: Diaphragm
The diaphragm is the dome-shaped muscle that forms the floor of the thoracic cavity and the roof of the abdominal cavity.
Question 6: What type of joint is the hip joint classified as?
- Hinge joint
- Pivot joint
- Ball-and-socket joint (Correct answer)
- Saddle joint
Correct answer: Ball-and-socket joint
The hip joint is a ball-and-socket (spheroidal) joint allowing flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and rotation.
Question 7: The brachial plexus originates from which spinal cord segments?
- C1–C4
- C5–T1 (Correct answer)
- T1–T4
- C3–C8
Correct answer: C5–T1
The brachial plexus arises from ventral rami of spinal nerves C5 through T1 and innervates the upper extremity.
NCBTMB Applied Science and Anatomy 2
Which type of muscle tissue is found in the walls of blood vessels and is controlled involuntarily?