NBT NBT Quantitative Literacy: Ratios, Proportions and Rates 1 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: A fruit punch recipe uses orange juice, mango juice, and water in the ratio 3:2:5. If you want to make 4 litres of punch, how much orange juice do you need?
- 1.2 litres (Correct answer)
- 0.8 litres
- 2 litres
- 1 litre
Correct answer: 1.2 litres
Orange juice is 3 parts out of 3+2+5=10 total, so 3/10 × 4 = 1.2 litres.
Question 2: A car travels 270 km in 3 hours. At the same speed, how far will it travel in 5 hours?
- 450 km (Correct answer)
- 405 km
- 540 km
- 375 km
Correct answer: 450 km
Speed = 270 ÷ 3 = 90 km/h; distance in 5 hours = 90 × 5 = 450 km.
Question 3: A map has a scale of 1:50 000. Two towns appear 6 cm apart on the map. What is the actual distance between them?
- 3 km (Correct answer)
- 30 km
- 0.3 km
- 300 km
Correct answer: 3 km
6 cm × 50 000 = 300 000 cm = 3 000 m = 3 km.
Question 4: Petrol costs R22.50 per litre. How much does it cost to fill a 45-litre tank?
- R1 012.50 (Correct answer)
- R1 125.00
- R990.00
- R900.00
Correct answer: R1 012.50
Cost = 22.50 × 45 = R1 012.50.
Question 5: A worker earns R180 per hour. If the hourly rate increases in the same proportion as 5:6, what will the new hourly rate be?
- R216 (Correct answer)
- R200
- R225
- R210
Correct answer: R216
New rate = 180 × (6/5) = 180 × 1.2 = R216.
Question 6: It takes 4 workers 6 days to complete a task. How many days would it take 8 workers to complete the same task, assuming they work at the same rate?
- 3 days (Correct answer)
- 12 days
- 2 days
- 4 days
Correct answer: 3 days
This is inverse proportion: 4 × 6 = 8 × d, so d = 24 ÷ 8 = 3 days.
Question 7: A recipe for 6 portions requires 450 g of flour. How many grams of flour are needed for 10 portions?
- 750 g (Correct answer)
- 700 g
- 675 g
- 800 g
Correct answer: 750 g
Flour per portion = 450 ÷ 6 = 75 g; for 10 portions = 75 × 10 = 750 g.
NBT NBT Quantitative Literacy: Ratios, Proportions and Rates 1
A fruit punch recipe uses orange juice, mango juice, and water in the ratio 3:2:5.
If you want to make 4 litres of punch, how much orange juice do you need?