NASM-CPT Exercise Science Fundamentals 1 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which energy system provides the majority of ATP during high-intensity exercise lasting 10–30 seconds?
- Oxidative system
- Glycolytic system (Correct answer)
- ATP-PC (phosphagen) system
- Beta-oxidation
Correct answer: Glycolytic system
The glycolytic system predominates for high-intensity efforts lasting roughly 10–30 seconds by breaking down glucose for rapid ATP production.
Question 2: The sliding filament theory describes muscle contraction as a process in which:
- Myosin filaments shorten by coiling
- Actin and myosin filaments slide past each other (Correct answer)
- Sarcomeres grow longer during contraction
- ATP is produced inside the muscle fiber
Correct answer: Actin and myosin filaments slide past each other
In the sliding filament theory, actin filaments are pulled toward the center of the sarcomere by myosin cross-bridge cycling, shortening the muscle.
Question 3: Which type of muscle fiber has the highest oxidative capacity and is most resistant to fatigue?
- Type IIx
- Type IIa
- Type I (Correct answer)
- Type IIb
Correct answer: Type I
Type I (slow-twitch) fibers have abundant mitochondria and high oxidative capacity, making them highly fatigue-resistant.
Question 4: What is the primary role of the Golgi tendon organ (GTO)?
- Detect changes in muscle length
- Sense joint position
- Detect changes in muscle tension and inhibit overcontracting muscles (Correct answer)
- Initiate the stretch reflex
Correct answer: Detect changes in muscle tension and inhibit overcontracting muscles
The GTO monitors tension within the tendon and triggers autogenic inhibition to protect the muscle from excessive force.
Question 5: Stroke volume is best defined as:
- The number of heartbeats per minute
- The volume of blood ejected per heartbeat (Correct answer)
- The total blood volume in circulation
- Oxygen consumption per kilogram of body weight
Correct answer: The volume of blood ejected per heartbeat
Stroke volume is the amount of blood pumped out of the left ventricle with each heartbeat, measured in milliliters.
Question 6: Which lever class is MOST common in the human body?
- First-class lever
- Second-class lever
- Third-class lever (Correct answer)
- Fourth-class lever
Correct answer: Third-class lever
Third-class levers, where the effort force is applied between the fulcrum and the load, are the most common arrangement in the human musculoskeletal system.
NASM-CPT Exercise Science Fundamentals 1
Which energy system provides the majority of ATP during high-intensity exercise lasting 10–30 seconds?