Mental Health and Psychology Mood Disorders 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: How does Bipolar II differ from Bipolar I?
- Bipolar II has full manic episodes; Bipolar I has hypomanic episodes
- Bipolar II has hypomanic episodes (not full mania); Bipolar I has full manic episodes (Correct answer)
- Bipolar II requires more depressive episodes
- Bipolar II only affects women
Correct answer: Bipolar II has hypomanic episodes (not full mania); Bipolar I has full manic episodes
Bipolar II is characterized by hypomanic episodes (less severe, no psychosis, no hospitalization) and major depressive episodes, never full mania.
Question 2: Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) most commonly involves depression occurring in which season?
- Spring
- Summer
- Fall/Winter (Correct answer)
- Equally across all seasons
Correct answer: Fall/Winter
The most common pattern of SAD involves depressive episodes in fall and winter, associated with reduced sunlight exposure and circadian disruption.
Question 3: Which psychotherapy has the strongest evidence base specifically for bipolar disorder maintenance?
- Psychoanalysis
- Psychoeducation and family-focused therapy (Correct answer)
- Gestalt therapy
- Hypnotherapy
Correct answer: Psychoeducation and family-focused therapy
Psychoeducation combined with family-focused therapy has robust evidence for reducing relapse rates and improving medication adherence in bipolar disorder.
Question 4: Lithium is used as a mood stabilizer in bipolar disorder. Which organ requires monitoring during lithium therapy?
- Liver
- Lungs
- Kidneys and thyroid (Correct answer)
- Heart and spleen
Correct answer: Kidneys and thyroid
Lithium is primarily renally excreted and can cause nephrotoxicity; it also commonly causes hypothyroidism with long-term use, requiring regular monitoring.
Question 5: Postpartum depression (PPD) must begin within how long after delivery per DSM-5?
- 1 week
- 2 weeks
- 4 weeks (Correct answer)
- 6 months
Correct answer: 4 weeks
DSM-5 specifies a 'peripartum onset' specifier for MDD episodes beginning during pregnancy or within 4 weeks of delivery.
Question 6: What is 'psychomotor retardation' as seen in depression?
- Inability to control fine motor movements
- Slowing of thought processes and physical movement (Correct answer)
- Repetitive involuntary movements
- Loss of coordination
Correct answer: Slowing of thought processes and physical movement
Psychomotor retardation refers to a visible slowing of movements, speech, and thought processes observable by others in severe depression.
Mental Health and Psychology Mood Disorders 2
How does Bipolar II differ from Bipolar I?