Medical Laboratory Technician Exam Medical Laboratory Technician Urinalysis and Body Fluids Questions and Answers 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: A urine specimen with a specific gravity of 1.001 and a pale yellow color most likely indicates which condition?
- Diabetes insipidus (Correct answer)
- Diabetes mellitus
- Glomerulonephritis
- Urinary tract infection
Correct answer: Diabetes insipidus
Diabetes insipidus produces large volumes of very dilute urine due to insufficient ADH or renal unresponsiveness to ADH.
Question 2: Which type of cast is most indicative of glomerular damage when found in a urine sediment examination?
- Red blood cell casts (Correct answer)
- Waxy casts
- Hyaline casts
- Granular casts
Correct answer: Red blood cell casts
Red blood cell casts form in the renal tubules when RBCs become trapped in a protein matrix, indicating glomerular bleeding.
Question 3: A cerebrospinal fluid sample with a glucose level significantly lower than the serum glucose and elevated protein most likely suggests what?
- Bacterial meningitis (Correct answer)
- Viral meningitis
- Multiple sclerosis
- Normal CSF
Correct answer: Bacterial meningitis
Bacterial meningitis characteristically shows markedly decreased glucose due to bacterial consumption and elevated protein from inflammation.
Question 4: What is the expected appearance of a normal synovial fluid specimen?
- Clear and pale yellow with high viscosity (Correct answer)
- Turbid and green with low viscosity
- Clear and colorless with no viscosity
- Cloudy and red with moderate viscosity
Correct answer: Clear and pale yellow with high viscosity
Normal synovial fluid is clear, pale yellow, and highly viscous due to hyaluronic acid content.
Question 5: Which urine chemical test principle relies on the double indicator method to detect pH?
- Reagent strip pH pad using methyl red and bromothymol blue (Correct answer)
- Clinitest copper reduction tablet
- Ictotest diazo reaction
- Sulfosalicylic acid precipitation
Correct answer: Reagent strip pH pad using methyl red and bromothymol blue
The reagent strip pH pad uses the double indicator system of methyl red and bromothymol blue to cover pH ranges from 5 to 9.
Question 6: A pleural fluid with a protein ratio (fluid/serum) greater than 0.5 and an LDH ratio greater than 0.6 is classified as what?
- Exudate (Correct answer)
- Transudate
- Chylous effusion
- Hemorrhagic effusion
Correct answer: Exudate
Light's criteria classify a pleural fluid as an exudate when the protein ratio exceeds 0.5 or the LDH ratio exceeds 0.6.
Medical Laboratory Technician Exam Medical Laboratory Technician Urinalysis and Body Fluids Questions and Answers 2
A urine specimen with a specific gravity of 1.001 and a pale yellow color most likely indicates which condition?