Matric Geography 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: What is the term for the movement of people from rural areas to urban areas in search of better employment and services?
- Emigration
- Immigration
- Rural-urban migration (Correct answer)
- Counter-urbanisation
Correct answer: Rural-urban migration
Rural-urban migration describes the internal movement of people from the countryside to towns and cities, driven by economic and social pull factors.
Question 2: Which of the following is a PUSH factor that drives people to leave their home area?
- Better job opportunities in cities
- Higher wages in urban areas
- Drought and crop failure (Correct answer)
- Improved schools elsewhere
Correct answer: Drought and crop failure
Push factors are negative conditions in a person's current location — such as drought, unemployment, or conflict — that force them to move away.
Question 3: South Africa's most populous metropolitan area, which forms the economic heartland of the country, is located in which province?
- Western Cape
- KwaZulu-Natal
- Gauteng (Correct answer)
- Eastern Cape
Correct answer: Gauteng
Gauteng, containing Johannesburg and Ekurhuleni, is South Africa's most densely populated province and its economic centre.
Question 4: What is the term for the rapid, unplanned expansion of informal settlements on the outskirts of cities?
- Suburbanisation
- Urban sprawl (Correct answer)
- Gentrification
- Counter-urbanisation
Correct answer: Urban sprawl
Urban sprawl refers to the uncontrolled spread of urban development, including informal settlements, beyond established city boundaries into surrounding areas.
Question 5: Which sector of the economy involves the extraction of raw natural resources such as mining, farming, and fishing?
- Primary sector (Correct answer)
- Secondary sector
- Tertiary sector
- Quaternary sector
Correct answer: Primary sector
The primary sector encompasses all activities that extract or harvest natural resources directly from the earth or sea.
Question 6: What is the term for the number of people per unit area, usually expressed as people per square kilometre?
- Population size
- Population distribution
- Population growth rate
- Population density (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Population density
Population density is calculated by dividing the total population by the total land area, indicating how crowded a region is.
Question 7: Which type of economic activity involves providing services to consumers rather than producing goods?
- Primary sector
- Secondary sector
- Tertiary sector (Correct answer)
- Extraction sector
Correct answer: Tertiary sector
The tertiary sector covers service industries such as retail, banking, education, healthcare, and tourism that serve consumers directly.
Matric Geography 2
What is the term for the movement of people from rural areas to urban areas in search of better employment and services?