MAT - Miller Analogies Social and Behavioral Sciences Questions and Answers 1 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: ID : EGO :: ______ : REALITY PRINCIPLE
- CONSCIENCE
- SUPEREGO
- PLEASURE PRINCIPLE (Correct answer)
- UNCONSCIOUS
Correct answer: PLEASURE PRINCIPLE
This analogy relates to Freudian psychology. The Id operates on the pleasure principle, seeking immediate gratification. The Ego operates on the reality principle, mediating between the Id's desires and the constraints of the real world. Therefore, Id is to Pleasure Principle as Ego is to Reality Principle.
Question 2: Which of the following best completes the analogy? CULTURE : ETHNOCENTRISM :: ______ : KINSHIP
- GENEALOGY (Correct answer)
- SOCIETY
- PATRIARCHY
- DIFFUSION
Correct answer: GENEALOGY
The relationship is that of a concept to its dedicated field of study or analysis. Ethnocentrism is the practice of judging another culture based on one's own cultural ideals, a key concept within the study of culture. Genealogy is the study of families and their histories, which is the study of kinship.
Question 3: PAVLOV : CLASSICAL CONDITIONING :: SKINNER : ______
- ARCHETYPE
- OPERANT CONDITIONING (Correct answer)
- BEHAVIORISM
- PSYCHOANALYSIS
Correct answer: OPERANT CONDITIONING
This analogy connects a prominent psychologist with their most famous theory or contribution. Ivan Pavlov is known for his work on classical conditioning. B.F. Skinner is the psychologist most famously associated with the development of operant conditioning.
Question 4: GEMEINSCHAFT : GESELLSCHAFT :: ______ : SOCIETY
- INDUSTRY
- FELLOWSHIP
- ORGANIZATION
- COMMUNITY (Correct answer)
Correct answer: COMMUNITY
This is an analogy of translation and sociological concepts introduced by Ferdinand Tönnies. 'Gemeinschaft' is the German word for a community characterized by personal social ties and traditional bonds. 'Gesellschaft' is the German word for a society characterized by impersonal and indirect social ties. Therefore, Gemeinschaft is to Gesellschaft as Community is to Society.
Question 5: A researcher is studying how the legal system and the education system work together to maintain social order. This approach aligns most closely with which sociological paradigm? STRUCTURAL FUNCTIONALISM : ______ :: CONFLICT THEORY : INEQUALITY
- SYMBOL
- INTERACTION
- STABILITY (Correct answer)
- POWER
Correct answer: STABILITY
The analogy relates a major sociological paradigm to its core focus. Conflict theory focuses on social inequality and the competition for resources. Structural Functionalism views society as a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability. The scenario describes studying how institutions contribute to social order, which is the central focus of structural functionalism.
Question 6: CASTE : ______ :: CLAN : KINSHIP
- FLEXIBILITY
- MOBILITY
- ACHIEVEMENT
- STRATIFICATION (Correct answer)
Correct answer: STRATIFICATION
This analogy relates a specific social structure to the broader sociological concept it exemplifies. A clan is a group of people united by actual or perceived kinship. A caste is a rigid system of dividing society into socio-economic classes, which is a form of social stratification.
MAT - Miller Analogies Social and Behavioral Sciences Questions and Answers 1
ID : EGO :: ______ : REALITY PRINCIPLE