LPN Health Promotion and Maintenance 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: A nurse is teaching a 45-year-old male client about colorectal cancer screening. Which recommendation aligns with current US Preventive Services Task Force guidelines?
- Begin screening at age 40 with annual colonoscopy
- Begin screening at age 45 with stool-based tests or colonoscopy every 10 years (Correct answer)
- Begin screening at age 50 only if family history is positive
- Screening is only necessary after age 60
Correct answer: Begin screening at age 45 with stool-based tests or colonoscopy every 10 years
The USPSTF recommends colorectal cancer screening beginning at age 45 for average-risk adults using stool-based tests or colonoscopy.
Question 2: A nurse is counseling a pregnant client in her first trimester about nutrition. Which supplement is MOST critical to recommend to prevent neural tube defects?
- Iron
- Calcium
- Folic acid (Correct answer)
- Vitamin D
Correct answer: Folic acid
Folic acid (400–800 mcg/day) taken before and during early pregnancy significantly reduces the risk of neural tube defects such as spina bifida.
Question 3: When performing developmental screening on a 12-month-old, which milestone would the nurse expect the child to have achieved?
- Speaking in two-word phrases
- Walking independently without support
- Standing while holding on to furniture (Correct answer)
- Drawing a circle
Correct answer: Standing while holding on to furniture
Pulling to stand and cruising along furniture are typical gross motor milestones for a 12-month-old; independent walking usually occurs around 12–15 months.
Question 4: A nurse is educating a community group about primary prevention strategies for type 2 diabetes. Which intervention BEST represents primary prevention?
- Monitoring HbA1c every 3 months in diagnosed diabetics
- Conducting fasting blood glucose screenings at health fairs
- Teaching weight management and physical activity to at-risk individuals (Correct answer)
- Providing insulin education to newly diagnosed patients
Correct answer: Teaching weight management and physical activity to at-risk individuals
Primary prevention aims to prevent disease onset; teaching lifestyle modifications such as diet and exercise to at-risk individuals prevents type 2 diabetes from developing.
Question 5: A client asks a nurse what age women should begin receiving mammography screening for breast cancer according to current recommendations. What is the best response?
- Age 30, annually
- Age 40, every two years based on shared decision-making (Correct answer)
- Age 50, annually with no exceptions
- Age 60, only if symptomatic
Correct answer: Age 40, every two years based on shared decision-making
The USPSTF recommends that women begin biennial mammography screening at age 40, with individualized decision-making based on personal risk and values.
Question 6: A nurse is assessing a newborn 24 hours after birth. Which finding requires IMMEDIATE follow-up regarding hearing health?
- Failure to pass the newborn hearing screening (Correct answer)
- Mild jaundice of the face
- Feeding every 2–3 hours
- Moro reflex present bilaterally
Correct answer: Failure to pass the newborn hearing screening
Failing the newborn hearing screening warrants prompt referral for audiological follow-up to detect and address hearing loss early.
Question 7: A nurse is teaching a group of elderly clients about fall prevention at home. Which instruction is MOST appropriate?
- Wear loose slippers to keep feet comfortable
- Keep hallways dimly lit to avoid disturbing sleep
- Remove throw rugs and secure electrical cords (Correct answer)
- Avoid using handrails to build leg strength
Correct answer: Remove throw rugs and secure electrical cords
Removing throw rugs and securing cords eliminates common tripping hazards, which is a key evidence-based fall prevention strategy for older adults.
LPN Health Promotion and Maintenance 2
A nurse is teaching a 45-year-old male client about colorectal cancer screening.
Which recommendation aligns with current US Preventive Services Task Force guidelines?