LPN Study Guide 2026

Informed consent in nursing practice ensures that a patient fully understands the proposed treatment, including its purpose, potential benefits, risks, and available alternatives, before agreeing to it. The nurse's role is to facilitate this understanding, clarify information, and confirm the patient's voluntary agreement. This process upholds the patient's right to autonomy and empowers them to make educated decisions about their own healthcare.

The ability to climb two flights of stairs (or achieve 5 METs on a stress test) without chest pain or dyspnea is a general guideline indicating sufficient cardiac reserve for sexual activity.

Non-blanchable erythema over a bony prominence in intact skin is the defining characteristic of a Stage 1 pressure injury.

Hydrocolloid dressings maintain a moist wound environment that promotes autolytic debridement and re-epithelialization in Stage 2 pressure injuries.

Wound cleansing proceeds from the least contaminated area (wound center) to the most contaminated area (surrounding skin) to prevent introducing bacteria.

Blood lead levels ≥45 mcg/dL indicate significant toxicity requiring chelation therapy with succimer (DMSA) in addition to removing the child from the lead source.