Lean Six Sigma Black Belt Certification Lean Six Sigma Black Belt Measure Phase: Data Analysis Questions and Answers 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: A Black Belt collects cycle time data and finds the Anderson-Darling p-value is 0.03. What should be concluded about the data distribution?
- The data follows a normal distribution
- The data does not follow a normal distribution (Correct answer)
- The sample size is too small to determine normality
- The data follows a Weibull distribution
Correct answer: The data does not follow a normal distribution
A p-value below 0.05 in the Anderson-Darling test leads to rejection of the null hypothesis that the data is normally distributed.
Question 2: Which graphical tool is most appropriate for identifying whether a process has shifted over time during the Measure phase?
- Pareto chart
- Histogram
- Run chart (Correct answer)
- Scatter diagram
Correct answer: Run chart
A run chart plots data points in time order, making process shifts, trends, and patterns visible over time.
Question 3: During a Gage R&R study, the total measurement system variation accounts for 35% of the total observed variation. What action should the Black Belt take?
- Accept the measurement system as adequate
- Improve the measurement system before proceeding with analysis (Correct answer)
- Use the measurement system only for pass/fail decisions
- Increase the sample size to compensate
Correct answer: Improve the measurement system before proceeding with analysis
A measurement system contributing more than 30% of total variation is unacceptable and must be improved before reliable data analysis can proceed.
Question 4: A Black Belt is analyzing defect data across five product lines. Which measure of central tendency is most appropriate for highly skewed count data?
- Arithmetic mean
- Geometric mean
- Median (Correct answer)
- Mode
Correct answer: Median
The median is resistant to extreme values and provides a better representation of central tendency for highly skewed data distributions.
Question 5: What is the primary purpose of calculating the Cp index during the Measure phase?
- To determine if the process mean is centered within specification limits
- To assess the potential capability of a process assuming it is centered (Correct answer)
- To measure the long-term performance of a process
- To identify special cause variation in the process
Correct answer: To assess the potential capability of a process assuming it is centered
Cp measures potential process capability by comparing the specification spread to the process spread, assuming the process is centered.
Question 6: A Black Belt discovers that 78% of late deliveries come from two of eight distribution centers. Which analysis technique revealed this finding?
- Failure Mode and Effects Analysis
- Stratification with Pareto analysis (Correct answer)
- Multi-vari analysis
- Correlation analysis
Correct answer: Stratification with Pareto analysis
Stratifying data by distribution center and applying Pareto analysis identifies the vital few sources contributing to the majority of defects.
Lean Six Sigma Black Belt Certification Lean Six Sigma Black Belt Measure Phase: Data Analysis Questions and Answers 2
A Black Belt collects cycle time data and finds the Anderson-Darling p-value is 0.03.
What should be concluded about the data distribution?