RELIAS Clinical Knowledge and Skills 1 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which of the following is the correct order of donning personal protective equipment (PPE)?
- Gloves, gown, mask, goggles
- Mask, gloves, goggles, gown
- Gown, mask, goggles, gloves (Correct answer)
- Goggles, gloves, gown, mask
Correct answer: Gown, mask, goggles, gloves
The correct order for donning personal protective equipment (PPE) is crucial for preventing self-contamination and ensuring maximum protection. The sequence is typically Gown first, followed by a Mask, then Goggles or a face shield, and finally Gloves. This order ensures that the most protective barriers are in place before potential exposure to pathogens, and gloves are donned last to maintain sterility for direct patient contact.
Question 2: What is the first step in administering medication to a patient?
- Checking the patient’s identification
- Washing your hands (Correct answer)
- Verifying the physician’s order
- Preparing the medication
Correct answer: Washing your hands
Washing your hands is the absolute first and most critical step before administering any medication to a patient. This practice, known as hand hygiene, prevents the transmission of microorganisms and reduces the risk of healthcare-associated infections. It ensures patient safety and adheres to fundamental infection control principles in healthcare settings.
Question 3: When performing CPR on an adult, what is the correct compression-to-ventilation ratio?
- 15:2
- 30:2 (Correct answer)
- 5:1
- 20:1
Correct answer: 30:2
When performing CPR on an adult, the correct compression-to-ventilation ratio is 30 compressions followed by 2 rescue breaths. This ratio prioritizes chest compressions, which are vital for maintaining blood flow to the brain and other vital organs. Adhering to this ratio ensures effective circulation while still providing necessary oxygenation.
Question 4: Which of the following is a sign of a systemic infection?
- Redness and swelling at the site of injury
- Elevated heart rate and fever (Correct answer)
- Bruising around the affected area
- Pain localized to the affected area
Correct answer: Elevated heart rate and fever
Elevated heart rate (tachycardia) and fever are classic signs of a systemic infection, indicating that the infection has spread throughout the body rather than remaining localized. These symptoms reflect the body's generalized inflammatory response to fight off widespread pathogens. Localized infections, in contrast, typically present with redness, swelling, and pain confined to a specific area.
Question 5: Which of these actions is most appropriate when a patient begins choking and cannot speak?
- Encourage them to cough forcefully.
- Perform abdominal thrusts (Heimlich maneuver). (Correct answer)
- Deliver back blows immediately.
- Call for emergency medical services and wait.
Correct answer: Perform abdominal thrusts (Heimlich maneuver).
When a patient is choking and cannot speak, it indicates a severe airway obstruction, requiring immediate intervention. Performing abdominal thrusts, commonly known as the Heimlich maneuver, is the most appropriate action in this situation. This technique uses upward abdominal pressure to dislodge the foreign object from the airway, potentially saving the person's life.
RELIAS Clinical Knowledge and Skills 1
Which of the following is the correct order of donning personal protective equipment (PPE)?