CMI Biomedical Science & Human Anatomy 1 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: What is the primary function of the circulatory system?
- Digestion
- Respiration
- Circulation of blood (Correct answer)
- Movement of muscles
Correct answer: Circulation of blood
The circulatory system, comprising the heart, blood vessels, and blood, is primarily responsible for transporting essential substances throughout the body. It circulates oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and waste products to and from cells, maintaining overall bodily function and health.
Question 2: Which type of tissue lines the body’s internal organs?
- Muscle
- Epithelial (Correct answer)
- Nervous
- Connective
Correct answer: Epithelial
Epithelial tissue forms protective coverings and linings for all internal and external surfaces of the body, including organs, blood vessels, and body cavities. Its primary functions include protection, secretion, absorption, and filtration, making it essential for organ function and integrity.
Question 3: What organ is responsible for filtering blood in the human body?
- Liver
- Lungs
- Kidneys (Correct answer)
- Stomach
Correct answer: Kidneys
The kidneys are vital organs that filter waste products and excess water from the blood to produce urine. They play a crucial role in maintaining the body's fluid and electrolyte balance, regulating blood pressure, and producing hormones, ensuring overall homeostasis.
Question 4: Which system includes the brain and spinal cord?
- Endocrine
- Digestive
- Respiratory
- Nervous (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Nervous
The nervous system is the body's control and communication network, with the brain and spinal cord forming its central component. It processes sensory information, coordinates voluntary and involuntary actions, and transmits signals throughout the body, enabling thought, movement, and sensation.
Question 5: What is the function of red blood cells?
- Fight infections
- Transport oxygen (Correct answer)
- Clot blood
- Provide immunity
Correct answer: Transport oxygen
Red blood cells contain hemoglobin, a protein that binds to oxygen in the lungs and releases it to tissues throughout the body. This oxygen transport is critical for cellular respiration, providing the energy necessary for all bodily functions.
Question 6: Which bone is part of the axial skeleton?
- Femur
- Skull (Correct answer)
- Pelvis
- Humerus
Correct answer: Skull
The axial skeleton forms the central axis of the body and includes the skull, vertebral column, and rib cage. Its primary role is to protect vital organs like the brain, spinal cord, and heart, and to provide support for the head, neck, and trunk.
Question 7: Which anatomical plane divides the body into left and right parts?
- Frontal
- Transverse
- Sagittal (Correct answer)
- Horizontal
Correct answer: Sagittal
The sagittal plane divides the body vertically into left and right sections. This anatomical plane is commonly used in medical imaging and descriptions to precisely locate and describe body parts relative to the midline.
Question 8: What is the term for the basic unit of life?
- Tissue
- Organ
- Molecule
- Cell (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Cell
The cell is the fundamental structural and functional unit of all known living organisms. It is the smallest unit of life that can replicate independently, carrying out all essential life processes, from metabolism to reproduction.
Question 9: Which muscle is responsible for breathing?
- Biceps
- Deltoid
- Diaphragm (Correct answer)
- Triceps
Correct answer: Diaphragm
The diaphragm is a dome-shaped muscle located at the base of the chest cavity, crucial for respiration. When it contracts, it flattens, increasing the volume of the chest cavity and drawing air into the lungs, facilitating inhalation.
CMI Biomedical Science & Human Anatomy 1
What is the primary function of the circulatory system?