CJBAT Logical Reasoning Questions & Answers 1 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: If all humans are mammals and some mammals are cats, which of the following is true?
- All humans are cats.
- Some humans are cats.
- Some cats are humans.
- None of the above. (Correct answer)
Correct answer: None of the above.
This is a logical fallacy question. While all humans are mammals and some mammals are cats, the premises do not establish any direct overlap between humans and cats. The 'some mammals' that are cats could be entirely separate from humans, meaning we cannot logically conclude that any humans are cats or vice-versa. Therefore, none of the given options can be definitively proven true.
Question 2: If a car is parked in the garage and the door is closed, which of the following must be true?
- The garage is open.
- The car is outside the garage.
- The car is inside the garage. (Correct answer)
- The door is open.
Correct answer: The car is inside the garage.
The statement explicitly says, 'a car is parked in the garage.' This directly indicates the car's location. The fact that the door is closed further confirms that the car is contained within the garage, making 'The car is inside the garage' the only certain conclusion.
Question 3: Which of the following is the best conclusion based on the premise: All students in class A passed the exam?
- Some students failed the exam.
- All students in class B passed the exam.
- All students in class A passed the exam. (Correct answer)
- All students passed the exam.
Correct answer: All students in class A passed the exam.
The best conclusion based on a premise is often the premise itself, especially when the premise is a definitive statement of fact. Options A, B, and D introduce new information or generalize beyond what was stated, making them assumptions rather than direct, undeniable conclusions. A valid conclusion must be directly and fully supported by the given information.
Question 4: If all roses are flowers and all flowers need sunlight, which of the following is true?
- All roses do not need sunlight.
- All flowers do not need sunlight.
- Roses need sunlight. (Correct answer)
- Roses are not flowers.
Correct answer: Roses need sunlight.
This is a classic syllogism. Since all roses are a type of flower, and all flowers universally require sunlight, it logically follows that roses, being a subset of flowers, must also require sunlight. The property of needing sunlight is transferred from the larger category (flowers) to its specific members (roses).
Question 5: If a number is divisible by both 2 and 3, which of the following must it also be divisible by?
- It is divisible by 5.
- It is divisible by 6. (Correct answer)
- It is divisible by 4.
- It is divisible by 7.
Correct answer: It is divisible by 6.
If a number is divisible by two prime numbers, it must also be divisible by their product. Since 2 and 3 are prime numbers, any number divisible by both 2 and 3 must also be divisible by 2 multiplied by 3, which is 6. This is a fundamental rule of divisibility in number theory.
Question 6: Which number logically fits next in the sequence: 2, 4, 6, 8, ___?
- 9
- 10 (Correct answer)
- 12
- 11
Correct answer: 10
This sequence consists of consecutive even numbers. Each number is obtained by adding 2 to the previous number (2+2=4, 4+2=6, 6+2=8). Following this consistent arithmetic progression, the next number in the sequence after 8 would be 8 + 2, which is 10.
Question 7: If some birds can fly and some can swim, which of the following is true?
- All birds can fly.
- Some birds cannot fly.
- Some birds can swim. (Correct answer)
- No birds can swim.
Correct answer: Some birds can swim.
The question asks what is true based on the given premises. One of the premises explicitly states, 'some birds can swim.' Therefore, this statement is directly affirmed as true by the information provided. The other options either make universal claims or draw conclusions not directly supported by the 'some' statements.
Question 8: Which conclusion follows from the premises: All apples are fruits, some fruits are red?
- All apples are red.
- Some apples are red. (Correct answer)
- No apples are red.
- All fruits are apples.
Correct answer: Some apples are red.
While all apples are fruits, and some fruits are red, we cannot definitively say that *all* apples are red, as the 'some fruits' might refer to non-apple fruits. However, it is logically possible and consistent with the premises that some of the red fruits *are* apples. Therefore, 'Some apples are red' is a valid, non-contradictory conclusion.
Question 9: Which of the following conclusions can be made from the statement: If it rains, the ground gets wet?
- If the ground is wet, it rained.
- If it does not rain, the ground does not get wet.
- If it rains, the ground always gets wet. (Correct answer)
- If the ground is wet, it must have rained.
Correct answer: If it rains, the ground always gets wet.
The statement 'If it rains, the ground gets wet' establishes a conditional relationship where rain is a sufficient condition for the ground getting wet. This means that whenever the condition (rain) is met, the consequence (wet ground) will invariably follow. Therefore, it implies that if it rains, the ground *always* gets wet.
CJBAT Logical Reasoning Questions & Answers 1
If all humans are mammals and some mammals are cats, which of the following is true?