CAA Pharmacology in Anesthesia — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which intravenous anesthetic is commonly used for induction due to its rapid onset and short duration?
- Midazolam
- Propofol (Correct answer)
- Ketamine
- Fentanyl
Correct answer: Propofol
Propofol is widely used for anesthesia induction because it acts quickly and allows for a smooth recovery.
Question 2: What is the primary mechanism of action of inhaled anesthetics like sevoflurane?
- Block dopamine receptors
- Enhance GABA receptor activity (Correct answer)
- Increase norepinephrine release
- Stimulate serotonin pathways
Correct answer: Enhance GABA receptor activity
Inhaled anesthetics such as sevoflurane act on the central nervous system by enhancing inhibitory neurotransmission via GABA receptors.
Question 3: Which opioid analgesic is most commonly used in anesthesia for its potent pain-relieving properties?
- Morphine
- Fentanyl (Correct answer)
- Hydrocodone
- Codeine
Correct answer: Fentanyl
Fentanyl is a synthetic opioid that is frequently used in anesthesia due to its high potency and rapid onset.
Question 4: Which drug is used to reverse the effects of neuromuscular blocking agents?
- Atropine
- Neostigmine (Correct answer)
- Midazolam
- Epinephrine
Correct answer: Neostigmine
Neostigmine is an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor that reverses neuromuscular blockade by increasing acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction.
Question 5: Which local anesthetic has the longest duration of action?
- Lidocaine
- Bupivacaine (Correct answer)
- Procaine
- Mepivacaine
Correct answer: Bupivacaine
Bupivacaine has a longer duration of action compared to lidocaine and is commonly used for prolonged pain control.
Question 6: Which medication is commonly used to treat malignant hyperthermia, a rare but life-threatening reaction to anesthesia?
- Dantrolene (Correct answer)
- Atropine
- Lidocaine
- Naloxone
Correct answer: Dantrolene
Dantrolene is the drug of choice for malignant hyperthermia, as it reduces excessive calcium release in muscle cells.
CAA Pharmacology in Anesthesia
Which intravenous anesthetic is commonly used for induction due to its rapid onset and short duration?