FEMA FEMA Hazard Mitigation 1 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: What is the primary goal of hazard mitigation in FEMA's emergency management framework?
- To reduce loss of life and property by lessening the impact of disasters (Correct answer)
- To provide post-disaster financial assistance
- To train responders for disaster operations
- To issue weather warnings before events
Correct answer: To reduce loss of life and property by lessening the impact of disasters
Hazard mitigation aims to permanently reduce disaster risk so that future events cause less harm to people and property.
Question 2: Which federal legislation requires states and local communities to have approved Hazard Mitigation Plans to receive certain FEMA mitigation grants?
- Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000 (DMA 2000) (Correct answer)
- Stafford Act of 1988
- National Flood Insurance Act of 1968
- Homeland Security Act of 2002
Correct answer: Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000 (DMA 2000)
DMA 2000 established the requirement for state and local Hazard Mitigation Plans as a condition of mitigation grant eligibility.
Question 3: What is the Hazard Mitigation Grant Program (HMGP)?
- A FEMA grant program that funds long-term hazard mitigation projects following a presidential disaster declaration (Correct answer)
- A program providing immediate disaster relief to survivors
- A loan program for small businesses after disasters
- A FEMA training grant for first responders
Correct answer: A FEMA grant program that funds long-term hazard mitigation projects following a presidential disaster declaration
HMGP provides post-disaster grant funding for long-term projects that reduce risk from future disasters.
Question 4: What is the purpose of FEMA's Pre-Disaster Mitigation (PDM) grant program?
- To fund hazard mitigation planning and projects before a disaster occurs, without a disaster declaration requirement (Correct answer)
- To fund emergency response training
- To reimburse states for disaster response costs
- To build federal emergency management facilities
Correct answer: To fund hazard mitigation planning and projects before a disaster occurs, without a disaster declaration requirement
PDM funds mitigation activities before disasters strike, reducing the need for post-disaster federal assistance.
Question 5: What is a Benefit-Cost Analysis (BCA) in the context of FEMA mitigation grants?
- A FEMA-required analysis demonstrating that a project's benefits exceed its costs over its useful life (Correct answer)
- A financial audit of FEMA grant spending
- A cost estimate for rebuilding after a disaster
- A comparison of insurance premiums before and after mitigation
Correct answer: A FEMA-required analysis demonstrating that a project's benefits exceed its costs over its useful life
FEMA requires BCA to demonstrate that mitigation projects deliver more in avoided future losses than they cost to implement.
Question 6: What is a Local Hazard Mitigation Plan (LHMP) required to include?
- A risk assessment, capability assessment, and mitigation strategy with action items (Correct answer)
- Only a list of past disasters in the community
- Financial statements of local emergency management agencies
- Personnel rosters for all first responders
Correct answer: A risk assessment, capability assessment, and mitigation strategy with action items
LHMPs must include a risk assessment identifying hazards, a capability assessment, and a strategy with specific mitigation actions.
FEMA FEMA Hazard Mitigation 1
What is the primary goal of hazard mitigation in FEMA's emergency management framework?