CWI Ultimate Review 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: According to AWS D1.1, what is the minimum preheat temperature required for ASTM A514 steel (thickness > 2.5 in) when welding with SMAW?
- 50°F (10°C)
- 150°F (65°C)
- 200°F (93°C)
- 225°F (107°C) (Correct answer)
Correct answer: 225°F (107°C)
AWS D1.1 Table 4.5 requires a minimum preheat of 225°F (107°C) for A514 steel over 2.5 inches thick.
Question 2: Which discontinuity is characterized by a groove melted into the base metal adjacent to the weld toe and left unfilled?
- Overlap
- Undercut (Correct answer)
- Underfill
- Cold lap
Correct answer: Undercut
Undercut is a groove melted into the base metal at the weld toe or weld root that is left unfilled by weld metal.
Question 3: A welder qualification test plate is welded in the 2G position. Which position(s) does this qualify the welder to weld in production?
- Flat only
- Flat and horizontal (Correct answer)
- Flat, horizontal, and vertical
- All positions
Correct answer: Flat and horizontal
A 2G groove weld qualification qualifies the welder for flat (1G) and horizontal (2G) positions only.
Question 4: What does the term 'effective throat' refer to in a fillet weld?
- The leg length of the fillet weld
- The distance from the weld root to the weld face
- The shortest distance from the root to the face of a fillet weld, excluding convexity (Correct answer)
- The total depth of weld fusion
Correct answer: The shortest distance from the root to the face of a fillet weld, excluding convexity
The effective throat is the shortest distance from the joint root to the weld face, excluding any weld convexity.
Question 5: When inspecting a radiograph, a rounded indication with a length-to-width ratio of 3:1 or less is classified as:
- An elongated slag inclusion
- A porosity indication (Correct answer)
- A crack indication
- A tungsten inclusion
Correct answer: A porosity indication
Rounded indications on radiographs have a length-to-width ratio of 3:1 or less and typically represent porosity or similar volumetric discontinuities.
Question 6: In magnetic particle testing (MT), which type of magnetization is most effective for detecting longitudinal (axial) discontinuities in a pipe?
- Circular magnetization (Correct answer)
- Longitudinal magnetization
- Prod technique
- Yoke technique
Correct answer: Circular magnetization
Circular magnetization produces flux lines that encircle the part, making it most effective for detecting longitudinal discontinuities.
Question 7: What is the primary purpose of a macro-etch test on a weld cross-section?
- To detect surface porosity
- To measure weld hardness
- To reveal weld profile, fusion, and internal discontinuities (Correct answer)
- To determine chemical composition
Correct answer: To reveal weld profile, fusion, and internal discontinuities
A macro-etch test uses acid etching of a cross-sectioned specimen to visually reveal weld profile, fusion zone, heat-affected zone, and internal discontinuities.
CWI Ultimate Review 2
According to AWS D1.1, what is the minimum preheat temperature required for ASTM A514 steel (thickness > 2.5 in) when welding with SMAW?