CSS CSS Physical Security & Access Control 1 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which concept describes the use of multiple overlapping security measures to protect an asset?
- Single-layer security
- Defense in depth (Correct answer)
- Perimeter exclusion
- Reactive security
Correct answer: Defense in depth
Defense in depth uses multiple layers of security controls so that if one fails, others remain to protect the asset.
Question 2: A visitor arrives at a secured facility without an appointment. What is the correct access control procedure?
- Allow entry since the visitor appears professional
- Verify identity, contact the host, and follow site visitor management procedures before granting access (Correct answer)
- Escort the visitor to any available office without verification
- Deny entry permanently and place on a watchlist
Correct answer: Verify identity, contact the host, and follow site visitor management procedures before granting access
Proper visitor management requires identity verification and host confirmation before granting access to secured areas.
Question 3: What is the primary function of a mantrap (sally port) in physical security?
- To provide a holding area for detained suspects
- To control access by allowing only one person at a time to pass through, preventing tailgating (Correct answer)
- To store security equipment
- To serve as a break room for officers
Correct answer: To control access by allowing only one person at a time to pass through, preventing tailgating
A mantrap prevents tailgating by interlocking two doors so only one can be open at a time, ensuring individual access control.
Question 4: CPTED stands for Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design. Which of the following is an example of a CPTED principle?
- Installing barbed wire on all fences regardless of location
- Designing landscaping to eliminate hiding spots and improve natural surveillance (Correct answer)
- Using only electronic access control with no physical barriers
- Relying exclusively on security officers without environmental modifications
Correct answer: Designing landscaping to eliminate hiding spots and improve natural surveillance
CPTED uses the physical environment — including landscaping, lighting, and sightlines — to naturally deter criminal activity.
Question 5: Which type of lighting is specifically designed to illuminate boundaries and perimeters of a facility at night?
- Emergency lighting
- Perimeter or boundary lighting (Correct answer)
- Decorative accent lighting
- Task lighting
Correct answer: Perimeter or boundary lighting
Perimeter lighting illuminates facility boundaries to deter intrusion and support officer patrol visibility at night.
Question 6: An access control card system shows that an employee badged in but did not badge out. This anomaly is called:
- Piggyback entry
- Tailgating
- Card cloning
- An antipassback violation (Correct answer)
Correct answer: An antipassback violation
Antipassback violations occur when an access card is used to enter but the system has no corresponding exit record, indicating a potential breach.
CSS CSS Physical Security & Access Control 1
Which concept describes the use of multiple overlapping security measures to protect an asset?