CPHA Program Planning & Evaluation 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which framework for public health program evaluation includes six steps such as engaging stakeholders and focusing the evaluation design?
- CDC Framework for Program Evaluation (Correct answer)
- WHO PRECEDE-PROCEED Model
- Donabedian Model
- Balanced Scorecard Framework
Correct answer: CDC Framework for Program Evaluation
The CDC Framework for Program Evaluation provides a six-step approach: engage stakeholders, describe the program, focus the design, gather evidence, justify conclusions, and ensure use and sharing of lessons learned.
Question 2: In a needs assessment, the difference between current health status and the desired health status is known as the:
- Health disparity
- Health gap
- Needs gap (Correct answer)
- Resource deficit
Correct answer: Needs gap
The needs gap represents the difference between the current state and the desired state, helping program planners prioritize which problems to address first.
Question 3: Which of the following is an example of a process (output) measure in program evaluation?
- Reduction in childhood obesity rates after two years
- Number of community members who attended nutrition workshops (Correct answer)
- Decrease in diabetes incidence in the target population
- Improved self-efficacy scores among program participants
Correct answer: Number of community members who attended nutrition workshops
The number of workshop attendees is an output measure capturing what was delivered by the program, not the health outcomes or behavior changes achieved.
Question 4: The PRECEDE-PROCEED model's 'PRECEDE' phase focuses primarily on:
- Implementation of health interventions in the community
- Evaluation of program health outcomes after delivery
- Comprehensive diagnosis and assessment of health needs and influencing factors (Correct answer)
- Policy development and advocacy for health programs
Correct answer: Comprehensive diagnosis and assessment of health needs and influencing factors
PRECEDE stands for Predisposing, Reinforcing, and Enabling Constructs in Educational/Ecological Diagnosis and Evaluation, emphasizing thorough needs assessment before planning.
Question 5: Which type of program objective specifically measures changes in knowledge, attitudes, or skills among participants?
- Behavioral objective
- Environmental objective
- Learning objective (Correct answer)
- Health status objective
Correct answer: Learning objective
Learning objectives target intermediate changes in knowledge, attitudes, or skills that are necessary precursors to behavioral and long-term health status changes.
Question 6: Cost-effectiveness analysis in public health program evaluation compares:
- The total program budget to organizational annual revenue
- Program costs to health outcomes achieved per unit cost (Correct answer)
- The program cost to similar programs in other geographic regions
- Staff salaries relative to national public health benchmarks
Correct answer: Program costs to health outcomes achieved per unit cost
Cost-effectiveness analysis relates program costs to outcomes (such as cost per quality-adjusted life year or cost per case prevented) to assess how efficiently resources are being used.
Question 7: Which data collection method in program evaluation typically yields the highest response rate?
- Mailed paper surveys
- Online surveys
- In-person interviews (Correct answer)
- Phone surveys
Correct answer: In-person interviews
In-person interviews generally yield the highest response rates because interviewers can establish rapport, clarify questions, and follow up with participants face-to-face.
CPHA Program Planning & Evaluation 2
Which framework for public health program evaluation includes six steps such as engaging stakeholders and focusing the evaluation design?