Cosmetology Test Anatomy and Physiology 3 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which bone forms the upper jaw and is the largest bone of the face?
- Mandible
- Maxilla (Correct answer)
- Zygomatic bone
- Nasal bone
Correct answer: Maxilla
The maxilla forms the upper jaw, the hard palate, and much of the floor and sides of the nasal cavity.
Question 2: The stratum granulosum is significant because it is where:
- New skin cells are produced by mitosis
- Keratinocytes begin to flatten and produce keratin granules (Correct answer)
- Melanocytes produce melanin pigment
- Langerhans cells first appear
Correct answer: Keratinocytes begin to flatten and produce keratin granules
In the stratum granulosum, cells accumulate keratohyalin granules and begin to lose their nuclei, preparing to become the outer protective layer.
Question 3: Which type of joint allows the greatest range of motion and is most common in the limbs?
- Fibrous joint
- Cartilaginous joint
- Synovial joint (Correct answer)
- Suture joint
Correct answer: Synovial joint
Synovial joints are freely movable and contain synovial fluid that lubricates the joint cavity.
Question 4: Lymph nodes function primarily to:
- Produce red blood cells
- Filter lymph fluid and activate immune responses (Correct answer)
- Regulate blood pressure
- Secrete digestive enzymes
Correct answer: Filter lymph fluid and activate immune responses
Lymph nodes trap pathogens and foreign particles from lymph fluid and house lymphocytes that mount immune responses.
Question 5: The temporalis muscle is involved in which primary movement?
- Raising the eyebrows
- Closing the mouth / chewing (Correct answer)
- Turning the head
- Compressing the cheeks
Correct answer: Closing the mouth / chewing
The temporalis muscle elevates the mandible (closes the jaw) and is a major muscle of mastication.
Question 6: Melanocytes are primarily located in which layer of the epidermis?
- Stratum corneum
- Stratum lucidum
- Stratum basale (Correct answer)
- Stratum spinosum
Correct answer: Stratum basale
Melanocytes reside in the stratum basale and produce melanin that is transferred to surrounding keratinocytes for UV protection.
Question 7: The primary function of the lymphatic system relevant to cosmetology is:
- Oxygenating skin cells directly
- Removing waste and excess fluids from tissues (Correct answer)
- Producing new skin cells
- Synthesizing vitamin D
Correct answer: Removing waste and excess fluids from tissues
The lymphatic system drains interstitial fluid and waste products from tissues, which is why lymphatic drainage massage reduces puffiness.
Cosmetology Test Anatomy and Physiology 3
Which bone forms the upper jaw and is the largest bone of the face?