CHES Health Equity and Disparities 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which federal initiative established the framework for tracking and eliminating health disparities through measurable objectives?
- Healthy People 2030 (Correct answer)
- The Affordable Care Act
- Title VI of the Civil Rights Act
- The National Prevention Strategy
Correct answer: Healthy People 2030
Healthy People 2030 provides science-based, 10-year national objectives for improving health, including eliminating health disparities.
Question 2: A health educator notices that Latino patients in a clinic receive shorter consultation times than White patients. This is an example of:
- Implicit bias affecting care delivery (Correct answer)
- Cultural competence deficit
- Language barrier
- Socioeconomic disparity
Correct answer: Implicit bias affecting care delivery
Differential treatment time based on race/ethnicity reflects implicit bias, which can occur without conscious intent.
Question 3: The concept of 'weathering' in health disparities research refers to:
- Seasonal variations in disease prevalence
- Cumulative biological aging from chronic stress of discrimination (Correct answer)
- Environmental exposure to weather-related hazards
- Gradual erosion of cultural health practices
Correct answer: Cumulative biological aging from chronic stress of discrimination
Weathering describes accelerated biological aging in Black Americans due to chronic exposure to racial discrimination and social adversity.
Question 4: Which measure best captures the absolute difference in health outcomes between two population groups?
- Rate ratio
- Rate difference (Correct answer)
- Odds ratio
- Prevalence ratio
Correct answer: Rate difference
Rate difference (attributable risk) shows the absolute gap in outcome rates between groups, directly measuring the burden of disparity.
Question 5: A health educator implementing a community health worker program is primarily addressing which social determinant of health?
- Physical environment
- Social and community context
- Health care access and quality (Correct answer)
- Economic stability
Correct answer: Health care access and quality
Community health workers primarily improve access to and quality of health care by bridging gaps between communities and health systems.
Question 6: Which of the following best describes 'structural racism' in the context of health disparities?
- Overt racial discrimination by individual health providers
- Policies and institutional practices that produce racial inequity (Correct answer)
- Racial segregation in hospital wards
- Differences in genetic health risks by race
Correct answer: Policies and institutional practices that produce racial inequity
Structural racism refers to the cumulative and compounding effects of policies and systems that produce and maintain racial inequity.
Question 7: The disproportionate placement of waste facilities in communities of color is examined through which framework?
- Social ecological model
- Environmental justice framework (Correct answer)
- Precede-Proceed model
- Health belief model
Correct answer: Environmental justice framework
Environmental justice examines the fair distribution of environmental burdens and benefits across racial and socioeconomic groups.
CHES Health Equity and Disparities 2
Which federal initiative established the framework for tracking and eliminating health disparities through measurable objectives?