Certified Welder Weld Inspection and Testing 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which discontinuity type is characterized by a void running along the length of a weld, parallel to the weld axis?
- Porosity
- Longitudinal crack (Correct answer)
- Undercut
- Overlap
Correct answer: Longitudinal crack
A longitudinal crack runs parallel to the weld axis and is one of the most serious weld discontinuities.
Question 2: What does a high-frequency ultrasonic testing (UT) transducer measure to detect internal flaws?
- Electromagnetic fields
- Sound wave reflections (Correct answer)
- X-ray absorption
- Magnetic flux leakage
Correct answer: Sound wave reflections
UT transducers emit high-frequency sound waves and detect reflected signals (echoes) from internal discontinuities.
Question 3: During visual inspection, what condition describes weld metal that extends beyond the toe of the weld onto the base metal without fusing?
- Undercut
- Overlap
- Cold lap (Correct answer)
- Spatter
Correct answer: Cold lap
Cold lap (also called overlap) occurs when molten weld metal flows onto the base metal surface without fusing due to insufficient heat.
Question 4: Which destructive test is used to determine the maximum load a weld can withstand before fracturing?
- Bend test
- Tensile test (Correct answer)
- Hardness test
- Impact test
Correct answer: Tensile test
The tensile test measures a weld's ultimate tensile strength by pulling a specimen until it fractures.
Question 5: What is the primary purpose of a nick-break test?
- Measure weld hardness
- Reveal internal porosity and fusion defects (Correct answer)
- Check weld ductility
- Determine impact resistance
Correct answer: Reveal internal porosity and fusion defects
The nick-break test fractures a weld specimen to expose the cross-section, revealing porosity, slag inclusions, and incomplete fusion.
Question 6: In radiographic testing (RT), a darker area on the radiograph compared to the surrounding weld typically indicates:
- Higher density material
- A void or less dense area such as porosity (Correct answer)
- Complete fusion
- Proper reinforcement height
Correct answer: A void or less dense area such as porosity
Less dense areas (voids, porosity) allow more radiation to pass through, producing darker images on the radiograph.
Question 7: Which AWS standard governs structural welding of steel and provides acceptance criteria for welds?
- AWS D1.1 (Correct answer)
- AWS B2.1
- ASME Section IX
- API 1104
Correct answer: AWS D1.1
AWS D1.1 Structural Welding Code—Steel specifies requirements and acceptance criteria for structural steel welds.
Certified Welder Weld Inspection and Testing 2
Which discontinuity type is characterized by a void running along the length of a weld, parallel to the weld axis?