CDT CDT Legal & Compliance in Diversity Training 1 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which U.S. federal law prohibits employment discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, and national origin?
- Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (Correct answer)
- The Equal Pay Act of 1963
- The Americans with Disabilities Act
- Executive Order 11246
Correct answer: Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964
Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 is the foundational federal law prohibiting workplace discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, and national origin.
Question 2: What does the term 'disparate impact' refer to in the context of employment law?
- Intentional discrimination against a protected class
- A neutral policy that disproportionately affects a protected group (Correct answer)
- Harassment based on a protected characteristic
- Unequal pay for equal work
Correct answer: A neutral policy that disproportionately affects a protected group
Disparate impact refers to a facially neutral employment practice that has a disproportionately adverse effect on members of a protected class, even without discriminatory intent.
Question 3: Which agency is primarily responsible for enforcing federal employment discrimination laws in the United States?
- Department of Labor
- Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) (Correct answer)
- Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs (OFCCP)
- Department of Justice
Correct answer: Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC)
The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) is the primary federal agency responsible for enforcing laws that prohibit employment discrimination.
Question 4: Under the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), what must employers provide to qualified individuals with disabilities?
- Unlimited leave of absence
- Reasonable accommodations (Correct answer)
- Preferential hiring treatment
- Guaranteed promotion opportunities
Correct answer: Reasonable accommodations
The ADA requires employers to provide reasonable accommodations to qualified individuals with disabilities, unless doing so would cause undue hardship.
Question 5: What is 'affirmative action' in the U.S. workplace context?
- Firing underperforming employees
- Proactive steps to increase representation of underrepresented groups (Correct answer)
- Mandatory diversity quotas set by the EEOC
- A requirement to hire only minority candidates
Correct answer: Proactive steps to increase representation of underrepresented groups
Affirmative action refers to proactive policies and practices designed to increase the representation of underrepresented groups in areas such as hiring, education, and business.
Question 6: Which U.S. law specifically prohibits pay discrimination based on sex for workers performing substantially equal work?
- Title IX
- The Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act
- The Equal Pay Act of 1963 (Correct answer)
- The Paycheck Fairness Act
Correct answer: The Equal Pay Act of 1963
The Equal Pay Act of 1963 requires that men and women receive equal pay for substantially equal work performed in the same workplace.
CDT CDT Legal & Compliance in Diversity Training 1
Which U.S. federal law prohibits employment discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, and national origin?