CCP Child Growth and Development 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: A 2-year-old insists on doing everything 'by myself.' This behavior best reflects which developmental stage according to Erikson?
- Trust vs. Mistrust
- Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt (Correct answer)
- Initiative vs. Guilt
- Industry vs. Inferiority
Correct answer: Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
Erikson's Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt stage (ages 1–3) is characterized by toddlers asserting independence and self-control.
Question 2: Which theorist described the 'zone of proximal development' (ZPD) as the gap between what a child can do alone versus with guidance?
- Jean Piaget
- Lev Vygotsky (Correct answer)
- Erik Erikson
- B.F. Skinner
Correct answer: Lev Vygotsky
Lev Vygotsky introduced the ZPD to describe tasks a child cannot yet do alone but can accomplish with adult or peer support.
Question 3: A 4-year-old creates an elaborate story about why the sun goes to sleep. This is an example of which Piagetian concept?
- Conservation
- Animism (Correct answer)
- Object permanence
- Egocentrism
Correct answer: Animism
Animism is the preoperational belief that inanimate objects have human-like qualities such as feelings or intentions.
Question 4: Fine motor development in early childhood is best supported by which activity?
- Riding a tricycle
- Threading large beads onto a string (Correct answer)
- Jumping on a trampoline
- Running obstacle courses
Correct answer: Threading large beads onto a string
Threading beads requires precise finger control and hand-eye coordination, directly building fine motor skills.
Question 5: Which milestone is typically expected of a child by 18 months of age?
- Speaks in complete 5-word sentences
- Walks independently (Correct answer)
- Rides a tricycle
- Draws recognizable figures
Correct answer: Walks independently
By 18 months, most children are walking independently, which is a key gross motor milestone for that age.
Question 6: The principle of 'proximodistal' development means that growth proceeds:
- From head to toe
- From the center of the body outward (Correct answer)
- From simple to complex skills
- From large muscles to small muscles
Correct answer: From the center of the body outward
Proximodistal development describes the pattern where body parts closest to the center (trunk) develop before those at the extremities (hands, fingers).
Question 7: A caregiver notices that a 5-year-old can sort blocks by color but becomes confused when asked to sort by both color and shape simultaneously. This reflects which limitation?
- Lack of object permanence
- Inability to decenter (Correct answer)
- Failure of conservation
- Absence of symbolic thought
Correct answer: Inability to decenter
Preoperational children have difficulty decentering—focusing on more than one attribute of an object at the same time.
CCP Child Growth and Development 2
A 2-year-old insists on doing everything 'by myself.' This behavior best reflects which developmental stage according to Erikson?