CCA Change Models & Frameworks 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: In Prosci's ADKAR model, what does the 'K' stand for?
- Knowledge of how to change (Correct answer)
- Kinetic energy for change
- Key performance indicators
- Kaizen continuous improvement
Correct answer: Knowledge of how to change
K in ADKAR stands for Knowledge, which refers to understanding how to make the change once awareness and desire exist.
Question 2: Which change framework uses the metaphor of 'burning platform' to describe urgency?
- McKinsey 7-S
- Kotter's 8-Step (Correct answer)
- Lewin's Force Field
- Nudge Theory
Correct answer: Kotter's 8-Step
Kotter's model emphasizes creating a sense of urgency as Step 1, often illustrated with the burning platform metaphor.
Question 3: The Satir Change Model describes a temporary period of chaos following a surprise or foreign element. What is this phase called?
- Resistance Zone
- Chaos (Correct answer)
- Integration
- Late Status Quo
Correct answer: Chaos
Satir's model identifies a Chaos phase that follows the introduction of a foreign element, before transforming ideas emerge.
Question 4: In McKinsey's 7-S Framework, which two elements are considered 'hard' elements?
- Staff and Skills
- Strategy and Structure (Correct answer)
- Shared Values and Style
- Systems and Staff
Correct answer: Strategy and Structure
Strategy and Structure (along with Systems) are the 'hard' elements in 7-S because they are tangible and easier to define.
Question 5: Which framework specifically focuses on the human side of change through the 'Transition' concept, distinguishing it from change?
- Lewin's 3-Stage
- Bridges' Transition Model (Correct answer)
- ADKAR
- Kotter's 8-Step
Correct answer: Bridges' Transition Model
Bridges' Transition Model distinguishes between external 'change' (event) and internal 'transition' (psychological journey), beginning with an Ending.
Question 6: In Lewin's Force Field Analysis, what action should a change agent take to facilitate change?
- Add as many driving forces as possible
- Eliminate the restraining forces and strengthen driving forces (Correct answer)
- Focus solely on increasing driving forces
- Reduce driving forces to lower resistance
Correct answer: Eliminate the restraining forces and strengthen driving forces
Lewin recommended both weakening restraining forces and strengthening driving forces to shift the equilibrium toward desired change.
Question 7: The Nudge Theory, associated with Thaler and Sunstein, influences change by:
- Mandating compliance through policy enforcement
- Structuring choices to guide behavior without restricting options (Correct answer)
- Using financial penalties to discourage old behaviors
- Redesigning organizational hierarchy
Correct answer: Structuring choices to guide behavior without restricting options
Nudge Theory uses choice architecture to subtly steer people toward desired behaviors while preserving freedom of choice.
CCA Change Models & Frameworks 2
In Prosci's ADKAR model, what does the 'K' stand for?