BSN BS-Nursing General 3 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which stage of Erikson's psychosocial development corresponds to the conflict of 'Intimacy vs. Isolation'?
- Adolescence (12–18 years)
- Early adulthood (18–40 years) (Correct answer)
- Middle adulthood (40–65 years)
- Late adulthood (65+ years)
Correct answer: Early adulthood (18–40 years)
Erikson placed Intimacy vs. Isolation in early adulthood, where the developmental task is forming close, committed relationships.
Question 2: A patient is in the oliguric phase of acute kidney injury (AKI). Which laboratory finding is expected?
- Serum creatinine 0.8 mg/dL
- BUN 10 mg/dL
- Serum potassium 6.2 mEq/L (Correct answer)
- Serum sodium 148 mEq/L
Correct answer: Serum potassium 6.2 mEq/L
AKI impairs potassium excretion, causing hyperkalemia; levels above 6.0 mEq/L pose serious cardiac risk.
Question 3: The nurse is assessing a newborn at 1 minute of life. Heart rate is 90 bpm, respirations are slow and irregular, muscle tone is limp, grimace is a frown, and color is blue centrally. What is the APGAR score?
- 2
- 3 (Correct answer)
- 4
- 5
Correct answer: 3
HR <100=1, slow respirations=1, limp=0, grimace=1, blue centrally=0 totals an APGAR score of 3.
Question 4: A nurse is preparing to insert a nasogastric tube. Which action confirms correct placement before initiating a feeding?
- Auscultating air over the epigastrium after injecting 10 mL of air
- Checking pH of aspirate (pH ≤ 5 indicates gastric placement) (Correct answer)
- Observing that the patient can speak without distress
- Measuring the external length of the tube
Correct answer: Checking pH of aspirate (pH ≤ 5 indicates gastric placement)
A gastric aspirate pH of 5 or less is the most reliable bedside indicator of NG tube placement in the stomach.
Question 5: Which nursing intervention takes priority when caring for a patient in sickle cell crisis?
- Encourage activity and ambulation
- Apply cold packs to painful areas
- Administer IV fluids and opioid analgesics as ordered (Correct answer)
- Restrict fluid intake to prevent fluid overload
Correct answer: Administer IV fluids and opioid analgesics as ordered
Hydration reverses sickling and restores blood flow, while opioids manage the severe vaso-occlusive pain of a sickle cell crisis.
Question 6: Which ethical principle is violated when a nurse administers a placebo without the patient's knowledge?
- Justice
- Beneficence
- Veracity (Correct answer)
- Fidelity
Correct answer: Veracity
Veracity (truth-telling) is violated when the nurse deceives the patient about the nature of the treatment being given.
Question 7: A patient receiving a blood transfusion develops fever, chills, and flank pain 15 minutes after starting the infusion. What is the priority nursing action?
- Slow the infusion rate and administer antipyretics
- Stop the transfusion, maintain IV access with normal saline, and notify the physician (Correct answer)
- Continue the transfusion and monitor vital signs every 15 minutes
- Administer diphenhydramine and restart the transfusion
Correct answer: Stop the transfusion, maintain IV access with normal saline, and notify the physician
These signs suggest an acute hemolytic transfusion reaction, a life-threatening emergency requiring immediate cessation of the transfusion.
BSN BS-Nursing General 3
Which stage of Erikson's psychosocial development corresponds to the conflict of 'Intimacy vs.
Isolation'?