Biology Test Biology Human Anatomy & Physiology 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which type of muscle tissue is characterized by involuntary control and intercalated discs?
- Skeletal muscle
- Smooth muscle
- Cardiac muscle (Correct answer)
- Striated voluntary muscle
Correct answer: Cardiac muscle
Cardiac muscle is involuntary, striated, and connected by intercalated discs that allow coordinated contractions.
Question 2: The sinoatrial (SA) node is located in which chamber of the heart?
- Left ventricle
- Right atrium (Correct answer)
- Left atrium
- Right ventricle
Correct answer: Right atrium
The SA node, the heart's primary pacemaker, is located in the wall of the right atrium.
Question 3: Which hormone is primarily responsible for regulating blood calcium levels by stimulating osteoclast activity?
- Calcitonin
- Aldosterone
- Parathyroid hormone (PTH) (Correct answer)
- Cortisol
Correct answer: Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
PTH stimulates osteoclasts to resorb bone, releasing calcium into the bloodstream to raise blood calcium levels.
Question 4: Which part of the nephron is primarily responsible for the reabsorption of glucose and amino acids?
- Loop of Henle
- Distal convoluted tubule
- Proximal convoluted tubule (Correct answer)
- Collecting duct
Correct answer: Proximal convoluted tubule
The proximal convoluted tubule reabsorbs virtually all filtered glucose and amino acids via active transport.
Question 5: What is the name of the protective membrane that directly covers the surface of the lungs?
- Parietal pleura
- Visceral pleura (Correct answer)
- Pericardium
- Peritoneum
Correct answer: Visceral pleura
The visceral pleura is the inner layer of the pleural membrane that directly covers the lung surface.
Question 6: During which phase of the cardiac cycle do the ventricles fill with blood?
- Isovolumetric contraction
- Ventricular systole
- Isovolumetric relaxation
- Diastole (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Diastole
During diastole, the ventricles relax and fill with blood from the atria through the open AV valves.
Question 7: Which WBC type releases histamine and heparin during allergic and inflammatory responses?
- Neutrophil
- Eosinophil
- Basophil (Correct answer)
- Monocyte
Correct answer: Basophil
Basophils release histamine (promoting vasodilation) and heparin (preventing clotting) during immune responses.
Biology Test Biology Human Anatomy & Physiology 2
Which type of muscle tissue is characterized by involuntary control and intercalated discs?